Ahmed Saifuddin, Ng Sheryl Wei Ting, Bee Adeline Wei Ting
Wee Kim Wee School for Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
Department of Communications and New Media, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Front Psychol. 2023 Mar 7;14:1127507. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1127507. eCollection 2023.
Deepfakes are a troubling form of disinformation that has been drawing increasing attention. Yet, there remains a lack of psychological explanations for deepfake sharing behavior and an absence of research knowledge in non-Western contexts where public knowledge of deepfakes is limited. We conduct a cross-national survey study in eight countries to examine the role of fear of missing out (FOMO), deficient self-regulation (DSR), and cognitive ability in deepfake sharing behavior. Results are drawn from a comparative survey in seven South Asian contexts (China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) and compare these findings to the United States, where discussions about deepfakes have been most relevant. Overall, the results suggest that those who perceive the deepfakes to be accurate are more likely to share them on social media. Furthermore, in all countries, sharing is also driven by the social-psychological trait - FOMO. DSR of social media use was also found to be a critical factor in explaining deepfake sharing. It is also observed that individuals with low cognitive ability are more likely to share deepfakes. However, we also find that the effects of DSR on social media and FOMO are not contingent upon users' cognitive ability. The results of this study contribute to strategies to limit deepfakes propagation on social media.
深度伪造是一种令人不安的虚假信息形式，已引起越来越多的关注。然而，对于深度伪造分享行为，仍然缺乏心理学解释，而且在深度伪造公众认知有限的非西方背景下，也缺乏相关研究知识。我们在八个国家开展了一项跨国调查研究，以考察错失恐惧（FOMO）、自我调节不足（DSR）和认知能力在深度伪造分享行为中的作用。研究结果来自于对七个南亚国家（中国、印度尼西亚、马来西亚、菲律宾、新加坡、泰国和越南）的比较调查，并将这些结果与美国进行比较，在美国，关于深度伪造的讨论最为热烈。总体而言，结果表明，那些认为深度伪造准确的人更有可能在社交媒体上分享它们。此外，在所有国家，分享行为也受到社会心理特质——错失恐惧的驱动。社交媒体使用的自我调节不足也被发现是解释深度伪造分享行为的一个关键因素。研究还观察到，认知能力低的个体更有可能分享深度伪造内容。然而，我们也发现，社交媒体上自我调节不足和错失恐惧的影响并不取决于用户的认知能力。这项研究的结果有助于制定限制深度伪造在社交媒体上传播的策略。
