父母对美国性少数青年男女吸烟和未来吸烟可能性的影响。
Parental influences on tobacco use and likelihood of future use among sexual minority young adult men and women in the United States.
机构信息
TSET Health Promotion Research Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, Univeristy of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
出版信息
Am J Addict. 2023 Sep;32(5):450-459. doi: 10.1111/ajad.13418. Epub 2023 Apr 9.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Limited research has examined mechanisms, including parenting behaviors, contributing to tobacco use disparities among sexual minority young adults (SMYAs).
METHODS
Participants were 644 young adult (ages 18-29; 36.5% racial/ethnic minority) women (N = 416; 44.7% bisexual, 7.2% lesbian, 48.1% heterosexual) and men (N = 288; 11.0% bisexual, 13.2% gay, 75.9% heterosexual). Bivariate analyses examined differences among sex-by-sexual identity subgroups in perceived parenting (psychological control, behavioral control, knowledge, autonomy support, warmth, communication), past 30-day cigarette, e-cigarette, and cigar use, and likelihood of future use. Multivariable regression examined associations of sexual identity subgroup and parenting behaviors to tobacco use outcomes among women and men.
RESULTS
Bisexual (vs. heterosexual) women reported greater parental psychological control and less autonomy support, warmth, and communication. Bisexual (vs. heterosexual) women had greater odds of past 30-day cigarette and cigar use and greater likelihood of future cigarette and e-cigarette use, and parenting behaviors were associated with past 30-day cigarette (knowledge, warmth), e-cigarette (psychological control, autonomy support, warmth), and cigar use (behavioral control, warmth) and likelihood of future cigarette (psychological control, warmth) and e-cigarette use (autonomy support, communication). Gay (vs. heterosexual) men reported greater parental behavioral control, less knowledge, autonomy support, warmth, and communication. Sexual identity and parenting behaviors were largely not associated with tobacco use among men.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
Findings highlight the role of parenting behaviors as potential mechanisms contributing to tobacco use disparities among SMYA women.
SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE
Tobacco prevention/cessation programs should be tailored toward specific SMYA subgroups, combinations of parenting behaviors, and patterns of tobacco use.
背景和目的
针对性少数青年群体（SMYA）中吸烟差异的形成机制，包括养育行为，相关研究仍十分有限。
方法
本研究共纳入 644 名 18-29 岁的青年（女性 416 名，包括 44.7%的双性恋者、7.2%的女同性恋者和 48.1%的异性恋者；男性 288 名，包括 11.0%的双性恋者、13.2%的男同性恋者和 75.9%的异性恋者）。通过单变量分析，考察了不同性别-性身份亚组间感知到的父母养育行为（心理控制、行为控制、知识、自主支持、温暖、沟通）、过去 30 天内香烟、电子烟和雪茄使用情况以及未来使用可能性的差异。多变量回归分析则考察了性身份亚组和养育行为与女性和男性吸烟相关结局之间的关联。
结果
与异性恋女性相比，双性恋女性报告了更多的父母心理控制和更少的自主支持、温暖和沟通。与异性恋女性相比，双性恋女性过去 30 天内吸烟和雪茄的可能性更高，未来吸烟和电子烟的可能性也更高，养育行为与过去 30 天内吸烟（知识、温暖）、电子烟（心理控制、自主支持、温暖）和雪茄使用（行为控制、温暖）以及未来吸烟（心理控制、温暖）和电子烟使用（自主支持、沟通）有关。与异性恋男性相比，男同性恋者报告了更多的父母行为控制、更少的知识、自主支持、温暖和沟通。在男性中，性身份和养育行为与吸烟的相关性不大。
讨论和结论
研究结果强调了养育行为作为造成 SMYA 女性吸烟差异的潜在机制之一的重要性。
科学意义
烟草预防/戒断项目应根据特定的 SMYA 亚组、养育行为组合和吸烟模式进行定制。
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