Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Tomography. 2023 Mar 16;9(2):657-680. doi: 10.3390/tomography9020053.
The availability of high-fidelity animal models for oncology research has grown enormously in recent years, enabling preclinical studies relevant to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer to be undertaken. This has led to increased opportunities to conduct co-clinical trials, which are studies on patients that are carried out parallel to or sequentially with animal models of cancer that mirror the biology of the patients' tumors. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) are considered to be the models that best represent human disease and have high translational value. Notably, one element of co-clinical trials that still needs significant optimization is quantitative imaging. The National Cancer Institute has organized a Co-Clinical Imaging Resource Program (CIRP) network to establish best practices for co-clinical imaging and to optimize translational quantitative imaging methodologies. This overview describes the ten co-clinical trials of investigators from eleven institutions who are currently supported by the CIRP initiative and are members of the Animal Models and Co-clinical Trials (AMCT) Working Group. Each team describes their corresponding clinical trial, type of cancer targeted, rationale for choice of animal models, therapy, and imaging modalities. The strengths and weaknesses of the co-clinical trial design and the challenges encountered are considered. The rich research resources generated by the members of the AMCT Working Group will benefit the broad research community and improve the quality and translational impact of imaging in co-clinical trials.
近年来，用于肿瘤学研究的高保真动物模型的可用性大大增加，使得能够进行与癌症的预防、诊断和治疗相关的临床前研究。这为开展合作临床试验提供了更多机会，这些临床试验是在与癌症动物模型平行或顺序进行的同时对患者进行的研究，这些动物模型反映了患者肿瘤的生物学特征。患者来源的异种移植（PDX）和基因工程小鼠模型（GEMM）被认为是最能代表人类疾病并具有高转化价值的模型。值得注意的是，合作临床试验中仍需要显著优化的一个元素是定量成像。美国国家癌症研究所（National Cancer Institute）组织了合作临床成像资源计划（Co-Clinical Imaging Resource Program，CIRP）网络，以建立合作临床成像的最佳实践，并优化转化定量成像方法学。这篇综述描述了目前由 CIRP 计划支持并作为动物模型和合作临床试验（Animal Models and Co-clinical Trials，AMCT）工作组成员的 11 个机构的 11 位研究人员的 10 项合作临床试验。每个团队都描述了他们相应的临床试验、目标癌症类型、选择动物模型的理由、治疗方法和成像方式。还考虑了合作临床试验设计的优缺点以及遇到的挑战。AMCT 工作组成员生成的丰富研究资源将使广大研究界受益，并提高合作临床试验中成像的质量和转化影响力。
