Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Anselm-Franz-von-Bentzel-Weg 3, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
Mol Cell Neurosci. 2023 Jun;125:103846. doi: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103846. Epub 2023 Mar 22.
Recent advances in experimental techniques provide an unprecedented peek into the intricate molecular dynamics inside synapses and dendrites. The experimental insights into the molecular turnover revealed that such processes as diffusion, active transport, spine uptake, and local protein synthesis could dynamically modulate the copy numbers of plasticity-related molecules in synapses. Subsequently, theoretical models were designed to understand the interaction of these processes better and to explain how local synaptic plasticity cues can up or down-regulate the molecular copy numbers across synapses. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in experimental techniques and computational models to highlight how these complementary approaches can provide insight into molecular cross-talk across synapses, ultimately allowing us to develop biologically-inspired neural network models to understand brain function.
近年来实验技术的进步为深入了解突触和树突内部复杂的分子动力学提供了前所未有的机会。对分子周转的实验洞察揭示了扩散、主动运输、棘突摄取和局部蛋白质合成等过程可以动态调节突触中与可塑性相关分子的拷贝数。随后，设计了理论模型来更好地理解这些过程的相互作用，并解释局部突触可塑性线索如何上调或下调突触间的分子拷贝数。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了实验技术和计算模型的最新进展，以强调这些互补方法如何提供对突触间分子串扰的深入了解，最终使我们能够开发具有生物学启发的神经网络模型来理解大脑功能。
