Doak Stephen, Kearney John M, McCormack Jacqueline M, Keaver Laura
Department of Health and Nutritional Science, Atlantic Technological University, Ash Lane, Sligo F91 YW50, Ireland.
School of Biological and Health Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Dublin City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, Ireland.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023 Apr;54:293-299. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.01.036. Epub 2023 Feb 3.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Transitioning into higher education (HE) impacts health behaviours. Poor dietary and lifestyle behaviours may correlate and increase risk of co-morbidities. The introduction of the Okanagan Charter detailed the important role of health promotion within a HE setting. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between dietary quality and lifestyle behaviours of students attending HE.
Full-time students, aged 18+, were eligible to participate in this online cross-sectional study. Self-reported questions were asked in relation to demographics, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and COVID-19. A food frequency questionnaire measured dietary quality along with tools assessing alcohol use, sleep quality, perceived stress, and physical activity. Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square, one-way ANOVA, independent sample t-tests, Pearson's correlation, and multivariate linear regression.
Evidence of a correlation between poor diet quality and having a higher BMI (p = 0.040), higher alcohol consumption (p = <0.001), poorer sleep quality (p = 0.003), higher stress levels (p = 0.006) and smoking (p = 0.001) was found. Low fruit and vegetable consumption were associated with higher BMI (p = 0.013), higher alcohol consumption (p = <0.001), lower physical activity levels (p = 0.006), higher stress levels (p = <0.001), smoking (p = <0.001) and being male (p = 0.002).
This study provides data on the association between dietary quality and lifestyle behaviours among HE students and will inform healthy campus initiatives.
向高等教育（HE）过渡会影响健康行为。不良的饮食和生活方式行为可能相互关联，并增加合并症风险。《奥卡纳根宪章》的出台详细阐述了健康促进在高等教育环境中的重要作用。本研究的目的是评估高等教育学生的饮食质量与生活方式行为之间的关系。
18岁及以上的全日制学生有资格参与这项在线横断面研究。询问了有关人口统计学、体重指数（BMI）、吸烟和新冠病毒病（COVID-19）的自我报告问题。一份食物频率问卷测量饮食质量，同时使用工具评估酒精使用、睡眠质量、感知压力和身体活动。使用卡方检验、单因素方差分析、独立样本t检验、皮尔逊相关性分析和多元线性回归进行统计分析。
发现饮食质量差与较高的BMI（p = 0.040）、较高的酒精摄入量（p = <0.001）、较差的睡眠质量（p = 0.003）、较高的压力水平（p = 0.006）和吸烟（p = 0.001）之间存在相关性。水果和蔬菜摄入量低与较高的BMI（p = 0.013）、较高的酒精摄入量（p = <0.001）、较低的身体活动水平（p = 0.006）、较高的压力水平（p = <0.001）、吸烟（p = <0.001）和男性（p = 0.002）有关。
本研究提供了关于高等教育学生饮食质量与生活方式行为之间关联的数据，并将为健康校园倡议提供信息。
