INSERM U1027, Epidémiologie et Analyses en Santé Publique, Toulouse, France.
BMC Public Health. 2011 Jun 7;11:442. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-442.
The prevalence of overweight in children and adolescents is high and overweight is associated with poor health outcomes over short- and long-term. Lifestyle factors can interact to influence overweight. Comprehensive studies linking overweight concomitantly with several demographic and potentially-modifiable lifestyle factors and health-risk behaviours are limited in adolescents--an age-group characterized by changes in lifestyle behaviours and high prevalence of overweight. Thus, the objective of the current study was to examine the association of overweight with several socio-demographic and lifestyle variables simultaneously in a representative sample of adolescents.
A nationally representative sample of 11-15 year-olds (n = 7154) in France participated as part of the WHO-Collaborative Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. Students reported data on their age, height, weight, socio-demographic variables, lifestyle factors including nutrition practices, physical activity at two levels of intensity (moderate and vigorous), sedentary behaviours, as well as smoking and alcohol consumption patterns using standardized HBSC protocols. Overweight (including obesity) was defined using the IOTF reference. The multivariate association of overweight with several socio-demographic and lifestyle factors was examined with logistic regression models.
The adjusted odds ratios for the association with overweight were: 1.80 (95% CI: 1.37-2.36) for low family affluence; 0.73 (0.60-0.88) for eating breakfast daily; 0.69 (0.56-0.84) for moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA); and 0.71 (0.59-0.86) for vigorous physical activity (VPA). Significant interactions between age and gender as well as television (TV) viewing and gender were noted: for boys, overweight was not associated with age or TV viewing; in contrast, for girls overweight correlated negatively with age and positively with TV viewing. Fruit and vegetable intake, computer and video-games use, smoking and alcohol consumption were not associated with overweight.
In multivariate model, family affluence, breakfast consumption and moderate to vigorous as well as vigorous physical activity were negatively associated with overweight. These findings extend previous research to a setting where multiple risk and protective factors were simultaneously examined and highlight the importance of multi-faceted approaches promoting physical activity and healthy food choices such as breakfast consumption for overweight prevention in adolescents.
儿童和青少年超重的发生率很高，超重与短期和长期的健康结果不佳有关。生活方式因素可以相互作用影响超重。在青少年中，综合研究将超重与几个人口统计学和潜在可改变的生活方式因素以及健康风险行为同时联系起来是有限的，这一年龄组的生活方式行为发生变化，超重发生率很高。因此，本研究的目的是在法国的代表性青少年样本中同时检查超重与几个社会人口统计学和生活方式变量的关联。
法国的一个具有全国代表性的 11-15 岁青少年样本（n=7154）参加了世界卫生组织合作的青少年健康行为（HBSC）研究。学生使用标准化的 HBSC 协议报告了他们的年龄、身高、体重、社会人口统计学变量、生活方式因素，包括营养实践、两种强度（适度和剧烈）的身体活动、久坐行为，以及吸烟和饮酒模式。超重（包括肥胖）使用 IOTF 参考标准定义。使用逻辑回归模型检查超重与几个社会人口统计学和生活方式因素的多变量关联。
与超重相关的调整后的比值比为：家庭贫困程度低（1.80，95%置信区间：1.37-2.36）；每天吃早餐（0.73，0.60-0.88）；中等到剧烈的身体活动（MVPA）（0.69，0.56-0.84）；剧烈的身体活动（VPA）（0.71，0.59-0.86）。注意到年龄和性别以及电视（TV）观看和性别之间存在显著的交互作用：对于男孩，超重与年龄或电视观看无关；相反，对于女孩，超重与年龄呈负相关，与电视观看呈正相关。水果和蔬菜摄入、计算机和视频游戏使用、吸烟和饮酒与超重无关。
在多变量模型中，家庭贫困程度、早餐摄入以及中等到剧烈的身体活动和剧烈的身体活动与超重呈负相关。这些发现将以前的研究扩展到一个同时检查多个风险和保护因素的环境中，并强调了促进身体活动和健康食物选择的多方面方法的重要性，例如早餐摄入，以预防青少年超重。
