Žalnėravičius Rokas, Pakštas Vidas, Grincienė Giedrė, Klimas Vaclovas, Paškevičius Algimantas, Timmo Kristi, Kauk-Kuusik Marit, Franckevičius Marius, Niaura Gediminas, Talaikis Martynas, Jagminas Arūnas, Ramanavičius Arūnas
Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Sauletekio av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Laboratory of Biodeterioration Research, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2023 May;225:113275. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113275. Epub 2023 Mar 22.
In this research, CuZnSnS (CZTS) particles were successfully fabricated via the molten salt approach from the copper, zinc and tin sulphides as raw precursors. SEM analysis revealed that CZTS particles are tetragonal-shaped with sharp edges, smooth flat plane morphology, and crystal size varying from 10.8 to 28.7 µm. The phase and crystalline structure of synthesized powders were investigated using XRD analysis, which confirms the presence of a tetragonal crystal structure kesterite phase. The chemical composition of CZTS particles was evaluated by EDX spectroscopy, which identified the nearly stoichiometric composition with an averaged formula of CuZnSnS. The TG/DTA-MS and ICP-OES analysis showed the possible decomposition pathways and predicted their degradation rate in aqueous solutions. The CZTS particles possessed highly effective concentration and time-dependent antimicrobial properties against medically relevant bacteria and yeast strains. The CZTS particles (1 g L) exhibited over 95.7 ± 1.9% killing efficiency towards M. luteus. In contrast, higher dosages (3.5 and 5 g L) led to its complete inactivation and reduced the P. aeruginosa cell viability to 43.2 ± 3.2% and 4.1 ± 1.1%, respectively. Moreover, the CZTS particles (0.5 g L) are responsible for causing 54.8 ± 1.8% of C. krusei and 89.7 ± 2.1% of C. parapsilosis yeasts death within the 24 h of exposure, which expanded to almost 100% when yeasts were treated with two times higher CZTS concentration (1.0 g L). The mechanism of action has been proposed and evidenced by monitoring the 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence, which revealed that the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is responsible for microorganism death.
在本研究中，通过熔盐法以硫化铜、硫化锌和硫化锡作为原料前驱体成功制备了CuZnSnS（CZTS）颗粒。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析表明，CZTS颗粒呈四边形，边缘锐利，具有光滑的平面形态，晶体尺寸在10.8至28.7微米之间变化。使用X射线衍射（XRD）分析研究了合成粉末的相和晶体结构，证实存在四方晶体结构的硫锡铜矿相。通过能量色散X射线光谱（EDX）对CZTS颗粒的化学成分进行了评估，确定其具有接近化学计量的组成，平均分子式为CuZnSnS。热重/差示热分析-质谱（TG/DTA-MS）和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-OES）分析显示了可能的分解途径，并预测了它们在水溶液中的降解速率。CZTS颗粒对医学相关细菌和酵母菌株具有高效的浓度和时间依赖性抗菌性能。CZTS颗粒（1 g/L）对藤黄微球菌的杀灭效率超过95.7±1.9%。相比之下，较高剂量（3.5和5 g/L）导致其完全失活，并分别将铜绿假单胞菌的细胞活力降低至43.2±3.2%和4.1±1.1%。此外，CZTS颗粒（0.5 g/L）在暴露24小时内导致克鲁斯假丝酵母死亡54.8±1.8%，近平滑假丝酵母死亡89.7±2.1%，当酵母用两倍高的CZTS浓度（1.0 g/L）处理时，死亡率几乎达到100%。通过监测2',7'-二氯荧光素（DCF）荧光提出并证明了其作用机制，结果表明活性氧（ROS）的过量产生是微生物死亡的原因。
