Omedes S, Crespo-Picazo J L, García-Párraga D, Sole M
Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Psg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
Fundació Oceanogràfic de la Comunidad Valenciana, Gran Vía Marqués del Turia 19, 46005 València, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jun 25;879:163040. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163040. Epub 2023 Mar 23.
The loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) has been selected as sentinel species by the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) descriptor 10 in relation to marine litter. In this, and other protected species, there is a need to develop conservative pollution biomarkers equally informative of chemical exposures to those traditionally carried out in metabolic organs, such as the liver. With this aim, plasma from turtles undergoing rehabilitation at the Fundació Oceanogràfic rescue centre (Arca del Mar) were selected and tested for B-esterase measurements. Hydrolysis rates of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and carboxylesterases (CEs) using four commercial substrates were undertaken on 191 plasma samples. Results indicated that acetylthiocholine was the most adequate substrate of cholinesterases and butyrate esters for CE measures. The correlation of these parameters with well-established blood biochemistry measurements was analysed. B-esterase measures in wild specimens were discussed in relation to age group, pathology on admission to the rescue centre and season; moreover, contrasts with long-term resident turtles were also made. Although this study provides baseline data on B-esterase measures in a large sample size for this species, more complementary information is still needed in terms of population genetics, chemical exposures, and in relation to other biochemical parameters before they can be confidently applied in wild specimens within the regulatory MSFD.
蠵龟（Caretta caretta）已被《海洋战略框架指令》（MSFD）的描述符10选定为与海洋垃圾相关的指示物种。对于这种以及其他受保护物种，有必要开发保守的污染生物标志物，其对化学暴露的信息提供能力与传统上在代谢器官（如肝脏）中进行的检测相当。出于这一目的，选取了在海洋学基金会救援中心（Arca del Mar）接受康复治疗的海龟的血浆，并对其进行了B酯酶测量测试。使用四种商业底物对191份血浆样本进行了乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）和羧酸酯酶（CEs）的水解率测定。结果表明，乙酰硫代胆碱是用于胆碱酯酶测量的最合适底物，丁酸酯是用于CE测量的最合适底物。分析了这些参数与成熟的血液生化测量指标之间的相关性。讨论了野生样本中B酯酶测量结果与年龄组、进入救援中心时的病理状况和季节的关系；此外，还与长期居住的海龟进行了对比。尽管本研究为该物种的大量样本提供了B酯酶测量的基线数据，但在种群遗传学、化学暴露以及与其他生化参数相关方面，仍需要更多补充信息，才能在MSFD监管范围内自信地应用于野生样本。
