Gernant Stephanie A, Nigro Stefanie C, Cruess Dean G, Smith Marie, Rickles Nathaniel M
Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, 69 North Eagleville Rd. Storrs, CT 06229, United States of America.
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Road, Storrs, CT 06269, United States of America.
Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm. 2023 Mar;9:100239. doi: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2023.100239. Epub 2023 Mar 9.
Reports of increased stress among healthcare workers were commonplace during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, but little is known about community pharmacists' experiences.
To characterize community pharmacists' stress and confidence during the early COVID-19 pandemic and identify associated factors.
Pharmacists who worked in a brick-and-mortar community pharmacy (e.g., big-box, chain, independent, or grocery pharmacies) located in Connecticut and had regular face-to-face interaction with the public were surveyed. Survey items were selected from the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) and adapted from the Emergency Risk-Communication (ERC) framework. Data were analyzed using chi-square and ANOVA.
Survey results suggested pharmacists experienced moderate levels of stress, as negative responses to PSS-10 items ranged between 6.4% to 43.3%, respectively. Overall, pharmacists had high rates of confidence in their ability to manage the pandemic, agreeing or strongly agreeing that they could manage their own mental health (73.1%), and communicate the risks of the pandemic (72.0%). However, 28.0% reported that they had avoided talking about the pandemic because it made them feel "stressed, or nervous." Women and those working in chain community pharmacies tended to report significantly higher rates of stress to several items in the PSS-10 compared to men and pharmacists working in non-chain settings. Women and chain community pharmacists were also significantly more likely to report overall that they had avoided talking about public health risks because it made them feel anxious, stressed, or depressed (29.4% men vs. 34.5% women χ (4) > 22.6, < 0.01). However, confidence to communicate critical risk messages neither differed between men and women (77.6% men vs. 68.8% women χ (4) > 8.3, = 0.08), nor between chain and non-chain community pharmacists (71.0% chain vs. 73.7% non-chain χ (4) > 8.9, = 0.32).
Being female, younger age, and employed at a chain pharmacy were associated with higher rates of stress and lower self-confidence among community pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic.
在新冠疫情初期，医护人员压力增加的报道屡见不鲜，但社区药剂师的经历却鲜为人知。
描述新冠疫情初期社区药剂师的压力和信心状况，并确定相关因素。
对在康涅狄格州实体社区药房（如大型超市、连锁、独立或杂货店药房）工作且与公众有定期面对面互动的药剂师进行调查。调查项目选自感知压力量表-10（PSS-10），并根据应急风险沟通（ERC）框架进行改编。数据采用卡方检验和方差分析进行分析。
调查结果表明，药剂师经历了中等程度的压力，对PSS-10项目的负面回答分别在6.4%至43.3%之间。总体而言，药剂师对其应对疫情的能力有较高的信心，同意或强烈同意他们能够管理自己的心理健康（73.1%），并传达疫情风险（72.0%）。然而，28.0%的人报告说他们避免谈论疫情，因为这让他们感到“压力大或紧张”。与男性和在非连锁药房工作的药剂师相比，女性以及在连锁社区药房工作的药剂师在PSS-10中的几个项目上报告的压力发生率明显更高。女性和连锁社区药剂师也更有可能总体报告说他们避免谈论公共卫生风险，因为这让他们感到焦虑、压力大或沮丧（男性为29.4%，女性为34.5%，χ(4)>22.6，<0.01）。然而，传达关键风险信息的信心在男性和女性之间（男性为77.6%，女性为68.8%，χ(4)>8.3，=0.08）以及连锁和非连锁社区药剂师之间（连锁为71.0%，非连锁为73.7%，χ(4)>8.9，=0.32）均无差异。
在新冠疫情期间，女性、年轻以及在连锁药房工作与社区药剂师较高的压力发生率和较低 的自信心有关。
