Al Badi Eida, Al Shukri Intisar, Al Mahruqi Samira
Microbiology, Al Buraimi Hospital, Al Buraimi, OMN.
Virology, Central Public Health Laboratory, Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Muscat, OMN.
Cureus. 2023 Feb 20;15(2):e35228. doi: 10.7759/cureus.35228. eCollection 2023 Feb.
Background Rapid identification of COVID-19 is crucial during the pandemic for the treatment and management of patients. Thus, early diagnosis of the disease using laboratory parameters can help in the rapid management of infected patients. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of viral load with hematological and biochemical parameters. This will ultimately help physicians to better understand the dynamics of this novel virus and aid in the management of patients. Methodology Laboratory confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 was performed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at the Al-Buraimi Hospital Laboratory Department using oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs. Positive cases were collected from July 2020 to January 2021 to be enrolled in this study. Results In this study, 264 confirmed positive patients were included initially and divided into three groups according to their cycle threshold (Ct) values obtained by PCR. Out of the total 264 patients, 174 (65.9%) were male, while 90 (34.1%) were female. However, the final sample was only 253 patients who met the inclusion criteria. With regard to Ct values, the study population was divided into the following three groups: Group 1 with Ct values of 9-20 (n = 87; 34.4%), group 2 with Ct values of 21-30 (n = 122; 47.8%), and group 3 with Ct values of 31-42 (n = 44; 17.4%). Conclusions We found that the proportion of male patients infected with COVID-19 was higher compared to females. In addition, the highest incidence was among patients in the age group of 51-70 years. The ferritin and alanine transaminase levels were highest in the initial stage of the infection (group 1) and decreased at the recovery stage. However, neutrophil, lymphocyte, alkaline phosphatase, and C-reactive protein showed an increasing trend from high viral load groups to low viral load groups. The values of the rest of the parameters, such as albumin, total bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase, and D-dimer, were slightly higher in the initial stage of the infection but the decreasing trend was low; therefore, they were not considered helpful in predicting the disease severity reflected by their Ct value in the three different groups.
背景 在疫情期间，快速识别新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）对于患者的治疗和管理至关重要。因此，利用实验室参数对该疾病进行早期诊断有助于对感染患者进行快速管理。本研究旨在调查病毒载量与血液学和生化参数之间的相关性。这最终将有助于医生更好地了解这种新型病毒的动态，并有助于患者的管理。
方法学 阿曼布赖米医院检验科采用口咽拭子和鼻咽拭子，通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）进行实验室确诊。收集2020年7月至2021年1月的阳性病例纳入本研究。
结果 在本研究中，最初纳入264例确诊阳性患者，并根据PCR获得的循环阈值（Ct）值分为三组。在总共264例患者中，174例（65.9%）为男性，90例（34.1%）为女性。然而，最终样本仅为253例符合纳入标准的患者。关于Ct值，研究人群分为以下三组：第1组Ct值为9 - 20（n = 87；34.4%），第2组Ct值为21 - 30（n = 122；47.8%），第3组Ct值为31 - 42（n = 44；17.4%）。
结论 我们发现，感染COVID-19的男性患者比例高于女性。此外，发病率最高的是年龄在51 - 70岁的患者。铁蛋白和丙氨酸转氨酶水平在感染初期（第1组）最高，在恢复阶段下降。然而，中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、碱性磷酸酶和C反应蛋白从高病毒载量组到低病毒载量组呈上升趋势。其余参数，如白蛋白总胆红素、乳酸脱氢酶和D-二聚体的值在感染初期略高，但下降趋势较低；因此，它们在预测由三个不同组的Ct值反映的疾病严重程度方面没有帮助。
