Zhang Lei, Ma Shuangshuang, Dai Feicai, Li Qiong, Wu Lin, Yu Lijun, Xie Tianqin, Zhu Dao-Min, Zhu Peng
Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Hefei, China.
Front Nutr. 2023 Mar 10;10:1049219. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1049219. eCollection 2023.
Anemia has been reported to adversely influence sleep in infants. However, the association between anemia in pregnancy and infant sleep remains unclear. We aimed to examine the association between maternal anemia in pregnancy and sleep parameters of 6-month-old infants.
We enrolled 2,410 mother-infant pairs between 2018 and 2021 in Hefei. Data on maternal hemoglobin concentration were collected at 24-28 gestational weeks from the electronic medical records of the hospitals. Nocturnal and daytime sleep duration, number of night awakenings, nocturnal wakefulness, and sleep latency of infants aged 6 months were measured using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire with five items. A restricted cubic spline model was used to examine the relationship between maternal hemoglobin concentration and infant nocturnal sleep duration after adjusting for potential confounders.
In our study, 807 (33.5%) mothers had anemia during pregnancy. Compared to infants born to mothers without anemia, infants born to mothers with anemia in pregnancy had shorter nocturnal sleep duration [mean (SD), 560.29 (79.57) mins vs. 574.27 (75.36) mins] at the age of 6 months. Subgroup analysis showed consistent significant differences in nocturnal sleep duration between infant born to anemic and non-anemic mothers, except in case of stratification by preterm birth [mean difference (mins), 2.03 (95% CI, -20.01, -24.07)] and pre-pregnancy obesity [mean difference (mins), -0.85 (95% CI, -16.86, -15.16)]. A J-shaped nonlinear correlation curve was observed between maternal hemoglobin concentration and infant nocturnal sleep duration. Compared with mothers without daily iron supplementation, mothers who had daily iron supplementation had higher hemoglobin concentrations [mean (SD), 112.39 (11.33) g/L vs. 110.66 (10.65) g/L] at delivery and their infants had longer nocturnal sleep duration [mean (SD), 565.99 (82.46) mins vs. 553.66 (76.03) mins].
Anemia in pregnancy may have an adverse influence on the sleep of 6-mon-old infants, and the relationship between maternal hemoglobin concentration and nocturnal sleep duration is nonlinear.
据报道，贫血会对婴儿睡眠产生不利影响。然而，孕期贫血与婴儿睡眠之间的关联仍不明确。我们旨在研究孕期母亲贫血与6个月大婴儿睡眠参数之间的关联。
我们在2018年至2021年期间招募了合肥的2410对母婴。通过医院电子病历收集孕24 - 28周时母亲血红蛋白浓度的数据。使用包含五个项目的简短婴儿睡眠问卷测量6个月大婴儿的夜间和白天睡眠时间、夜间觉醒次数、夜间清醒时间和睡眠潜伏期。在调整潜在混杂因素后，使用受限立方样条模型研究母亲血红蛋白浓度与婴儿夜间睡眠时间之间的关系。
在我们的研究中，807名（33.5%）母亲在孕期患有贫血。与未患贫血母亲所生的婴儿相比，孕期患贫血母亲所生的婴儿在6个月大时夜间睡眠时间较短[均值（标准差），560.29（79.57）分钟对574.27（75.36）分钟]。亚组分析显示，除了按早产分层[均值差异（分钟），2.03（95%置信区间，-20.01，-24.07）]和孕前肥胖分层[均值差异（分钟），-0.85（95%置信区间，-16.86，-15.16）]外，贫血和非贫血母亲所生婴儿的夜间睡眠时间存在一致的显著差异。观察到母亲血红蛋白浓度与婴儿夜间睡眠时间之间呈J形非线性相关曲线。与未每日补充铁剂的母亲相比，每日补充铁剂的母亲在分娩时血红蛋白浓度更高[均值（标准差），112.39（11.33）g/L对110.66（10.65）g/L]，且其婴儿夜间睡眠时间更长[均值（标准差），565.99（82.46）分钟对553.66（76.03）分钟]。
孕期贫血可能对6个月大婴儿的睡眠产生不利影响，母亲血红蛋白浓度与夜间睡眠时间之间的关系是非线性的。
