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SMADs与结直肠癌的表达、预后及免疫浸润之间的相关性

Correlation between SMADs and Colorectal Cancer Expression, Prognosis, and Immune Infiltrates.

作者信息

Ding Ning, Luo Hongbiao, Zhang Tao, Peng Tianshu, Yao Yanru, He Yongheng

机构信息

Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.

Department of Anorectal Surgery, Chenzhou NO. 1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou 423000, China.

出版信息

Int J Anal Chem. 2023 Mar 8;2023:8414040. doi: 10.1155/2023/8414040. eCollection 2023.

DOI:10.1155/2023/8414040
PMID:36969909
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10038740/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

In recent years, the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) are increasing, and the 5-year survival rate of advanced metastatic CRC is poor. Small mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD) superfamily are intracellular signal transduction proteins associated with the development and prognosis of a variety of tumors. At present, no study has systematically analysed the relationship between SMADs and CRC.

METHODS

Here, R3.6.3 was used to analyse the expression of SMADs in pan-cancer and CRC. Protein expression of SMADs were analysed by Human Protein Atlas (HPA). Gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA) was used to evaluate the correlation between SMADs and tumor stage in CRC. The effect of R language and GEPIA on prognosis was analysed. Mutation rates of SMADs in CRC were determined by cBioPortal, and potentially related genes were predicted using GeneMANIA. R analysis was used to correlate immune cell infiltration in CRC.

RESULTS

Both SMAD1 and SMAD2 were found to be weakly expressed in CRC and correlated with the immune invasion level. SMAD1 was correlated with patient prognosis, and SMAD2 was correlated with tumor stage. SMAD3, SMAD4, and SMAD7 were all expressed at low levels in CRC and associated with a variety of immune cells. SMAD3 and SMAD4 proteins were also expressed at low levels, and SMAD4 had the highest mutation rate. SMAD5 and SMAD6 were overexpressed in CRC, and SMAD6 was also associated with patient overall survival (OS) and CD8+ T cells, macrophages, and neutrophils.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results reveal innovative and strong evidence that SMADs can be used as biomarkers for the treatment and prognosis of CRC.

摘要

背景

近年来，结直肠癌（CRC）的发病率和死亡率呈上升趋势，晚期转移性CRC的5年生存率较低。小母抗五体不全蛋白（SMAD）超家族是与多种肿瘤的发生发展及预后相关的细胞内信号转导蛋白。目前，尚无研究系统分析SMAD与CRC之间的关系。

方法

在此，使用R3.6.3分析SMAD在泛癌和CRC中的表达。通过人类蛋白质图谱（HPA）分析SMAD的蛋白质表达。利用基因表达谱交互分析（GEPIA）评估SMAD与CRC肿瘤分期之间的相关性。分析R语言和GEPIA对预后的影响。通过cBioPortal确定CRC中SMAD的突变率，并使用GeneMANIA预测潜在相关基因。采用R分析关联CRC中的免疫细胞浸润情况。

结果

发现SMAD1和SMAD2在CRC中均低表达，且与免疫浸润水平相关。SMAD1与患者预后相关，SMAD2与肿瘤分期相关。SMAD3、SMAD4和SMAD7在CRC中均低表达，并与多种免疫细胞相关。SMAD3和SMAD4蛋白也低表达，且SMAD4的突变率最高。SMAD5和SMAD6在CRC中过表达，且SMAD6还与患者总生存期（OS）以及CD8+T细胞、巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞相关。

结论

我们的结果揭示了创新性的有力证据，表明SMAD可作为CRC治疗和预后的生物标志物。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/da1ccf4a9fff/IJAC2023-8414040.008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/c1683b5365fc/IJAC2023-8414040.001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/2994eb20cde1/IJAC2023-8414040.002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/b73febbb2832/IJAC2023-8414040.003.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/6ae469b15d2b/IJAC2023-8414040.005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/0578de076f62/IJAC2023-8414040.006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/ecdca04053a1/IJAC2023-8414040.007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/da1ccf4a9fff/IJAC2023-8414040.008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/c1683b5365fc/IJAC2023-8414040.001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/2994eb20cde1/IJAC2023-8414040.002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/b73febbb2832/IJAC2023-8414040.003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/92b9d438c223/IJAC2023-8414040.004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/6ae469b15d2b/IJAC2023-8414040.005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/0578de076f62/IJAC2023-8414040.006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/ecdca04053a1/IJAC2023-8414040.007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94a7/10038740/da1ccf4a9fff/IJAC2023-8414040.008.jpg

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