Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio, Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M
CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru.
Lancet Reg Health Am. 2023 Mar 20;20:100478. doi: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100478. eCollection 2023 Apr.
Second-hand smoke exposure is prevalent amongst adolescents, despite of being a preventable risk factor associated with unfavourable outcomes. The distribution of this risk factor varies by underlying determinants and public health officers need contemporary evidence to update policies. Using the most recent data available from adolescents in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), we described the prevalence of second-hand smoking.
Pooled analysis of Global School-based Student Health (GSHS) surveys conducted from 2010 to 2018 was conducted. Two indicators were analysed based on information from the 7 days prior to the survey: a) any exposure to second-hand smoking (0 vs ≥1 days of exposure); and b) daily exposure (<7 vs 7 days). Prevalence estimates were carried out accounting for the complex survey design, and reported overall, by country, by sex, and by subregion.
GSHS surveys were administered in 18 countries, yielding a total of 95,805 subjects. Pooled age-standardised prevalence of second-hand smoking was 60.9% (95% CI: 59.9%-62.0%) with no substantial differences between boys and girls. The age-standardised prevalence of any second-hand smoking varied from 40.2% in Anguilla to 68.2% in Jamaica, and the highest prevalence was in the Southern Latin America subregion (65.9%). Pooled age-standardised prevalence of daily second-hand smoking was 15.1% (95% CI: 14.2%-16.1%), and was higher in girls than boys (16.5% vs 13.7%; p < 0.001). The age-standardised prevalence of daily second-hand smoking ranged between 4.8% in Peru to 28.7% in Jamaica, and the highest age-standardised prevalence was in Southern Latin America (19.7%).
The prevalence of any second-hand smoking is high among adolescents in LAC, though estimates changed substantially by country. While policies and interventions to reduce/stop smoking are implemented, attention should also be paid to avoid second-hand smoke exposure.
Wellcome Trust International Training Fellowship (214185/Z/18/Z).
尽管二手烟暴露是一个可预防的、与不良后果相关的风险因素，但在青少年中却很普遍。这种风险因素的分布因潜在决定因素而异，公共卫生官员需要最新证据来更新政策。我们利用拉丁美洲和加勒比地区（LAC）青少年的最新可用数据，描述了二手烟暴露的流行情况。
对2010年至2018年进行的全球学校学生健康调查（GSHS）进行汇总分析。根据调查前7天的信息分析了两个指标：a）任何二手烟暴露情况（0天暴露与≥1天暴露）；b）每日暴露情况（<7天与7天）。考虑到复杂的调查设计进行了患病率估计，并按总体、国家、性别和次区域进行了报告。
在18个国家进行了GSHS调查，共涉及95,805名受试者。二手烟暴露的汇总年龄标准化患病率为60.9%（95%CI：59.9%-62.0%），男孩和女孩之间无显著差异。任何二手烟暴露的年龄标准化患病率从安圭拉的40.2%到牙买加的68.2%不等，最高患病率出现在拉丁美洲南部次区域（65.9%）。每日二手烟暴露的汇总年龄标准化患病率为15.1%（95%CI：14.2%-16.1%），女孩高于男孩（16.5%对13.7%；p<0.001）。每日二手烟暴露的年龄标准化患病率在秘鲁为4.8%至牙买加的28.7%之间，最高年龄标准化患病率出现在拉丁美洲南部（19.7%）。
LAC地区青少年中任何二手烟暴露的患病率都很高，不过各国的估计差异很大。在实施减少/戒烟政策和干预措施的同时，也应注意避免二手烟暴露。
惠康信托国际培训奖学金（214185/Z/18/Z）。
