Department of Advanced Ophthalmic Imaging, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2023;12(2):211-227. doi: 10.1097/APO.0000000000000597. Epub 2023 Mar 24.
Retinal microperimetry (MP) is a procedure that assesses the retinal sensitivity while the fundus is directly observed, and an eye tracker system is active to compensate for involuntary eye movements during testing. With this system, the sensitivity of a small locus can be accurately determined, and it has become an established ophthalmic test for retinal specialists. Macular diseases are characterized by chorioretinal changes; therefore, the condition of the retina and choroid requires careful and detailed evaluations to perform effective therapy. Age-related macular degeneration is a representative retinal disease in which the macular function has been evaluated by the visual acuity throughout the course of the disease process. However, the visual acuity represents the physiological function of only the central fovea, and the function of the surrounding macular area has not been sufficiently evaluated throughout the different stages of the macula disease process. The new technique of MP can compensate for such limitations by being able to test the same sites of the macular area repeatedly. This is especially useful in the recent management of age-related macular degeneration or diabetic macular edema during anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatments because MP can assess the effectiveness of the treatment. MP examinations are also valuable in diagnosing Stargardt disease as they can detect visual impairments before any abnormalities are found in the retinal images. The visual function needs to be carefully assessed along with morphologic observations by optical coherence tomography. In addition, the assessment of retinal sensitivity is useful in the presurgical or postsurgical evaluations.
视网膜微视野计（MP）是一种在直接观察眼底的同时评估视网膜敏感性的方法，并且有一个眼动跟踪系统在测试过程中补偿无意识的眼球运动。通过这个系统，可以准确地确定小部位的敏感性，它已经成为视网膜专家的一种既定的眼科测试。黄斑疾病的特征是脉络膜视网膜的改变；因此，需要仔细和详细地评估视网膜和脉络膜的状况，以进行有效的治疗。年龄相关性黄斑变性是一种代表性的视网膜疾病，在疾病过程中一直通过视力来评估黄斑功能。然而，视力仅代表中心凹的生理功能，黄斑疾病过程的不同阶段周围黄斑区的功能尚未得到充分评估。MP 的新技术可以通过能够重复测试黄斑区域的相同部位来弥补这些局限性。这在年龄相关性黄斑变性或糖尿病性黄斑水肿的最近管理中特别有用，因为 MP 可以评估治疗的效果。MP 检查在诊断 Stargardt 病时也很有价值，因为在视网膜图像出现任何异常之前，它们可以检测到视力障碍。需要结合光学相干断层扫描的形态学观察仔细评估视觉功能。此外，视网膜敏感性评估在术前或术后评估中也很有用。
