Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2023 May;49(5):589-599. doi: 10.1037/xhp0001096. Epub 2023 Mar 27.
Accumulating evidence demonstrates that selection history influences the allocation of attention. However, it is unclear how working memory (WM), which is tightly connected to attention, is influenced by selection history. The aim of present study was to investigate the influence of encoding history on WM encoding. By incorporating task switching into an attribute amnesia task, participants' encoding history for stimulus attributes was manipulated and its corresponding influence on WM performance was tested. The results revealed that encoding an attribute in one situation can enhance the working memory encoding process for this same attribute in a different situation. Subsequent experiments revealed that this facilitation in WM encoding cannot be explained by increased attentional demand to the probed feature caused by the need to task switch. In addition, verbal instruction does not have a crucial influence on memory performance, which is mainly driven by prior experience in the task. Collectively, our findings lend unique insights into how selection history influences the encoding of information into WM. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
越来越多的证据表明，选择历史会影响注意力的分配。然而，目前尚不清楚与注意力紧密相连的工作记忆是如何受到选择历史的影响的。本研究旨在探讨编码历史对工作记忆编码的影响。通过在属性遗忘任务中加入任务转换，我们操纵了参与者对刺激属性的编码历史，并测试了其对工作记忆表现的相应影响。结果表明，在一种情况下对某个属性进行编码，可以增强在不同情况下对同一属性的工作记忆编码过程。后续的实验表明，这种对 WM 编码的促进作用不能用由于需要任务转换而导致对探测特征的注意力需求增加来解释。此外，口头指令对记忆表现没有关键影响，记忆表现主要由任务中的先前经验驱动。总的来说，我们的研究结果为选择历史如何影响信息编码到 WM 中提供了独特的见解。
