Viswanadham Ratnalekha V N
New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY United States.
Prev Med Rep. 2023 Jan 24;32:102118. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102118. eCollection 2023 Apr.
Designing the next mass vaccination campaign will require ideas and techniques from behavioral economics. History and current events have shown how failing to consider features of human behavior, from individual biases in information processing to the relationships between people and policymakers, frustrated public health efforts. Behavioral economics can inform how a vaccination campaign needs to deliver processes and information necessary to help people decide to vaccinate, especially when mandates to vaccinate are not possible. Such campaigns need to employ both "nudges" (i.e., promote action) and remove "sludge" (i.e., break down blockers) to influence decisions directly. Strategies must be both acute and systemic to the current approach to public health.
设计下一次大规模疫苗接种活动将需要行为经济学的理念和技术。历史和时事表明，若不考虑人类行为的特征，从信息处理中的个体偏差到民众与政策制定者之间的关系，公共卫生工作将会受挫。行为经济学可以为疫苗接种活动提供指导，说明如何提供必要的流程和信息，以帮助人们决定接种疫苗，尤其是在无法强制要求接种的情况下。此类活动需要既采用“助推”（即促进行动）又消除“阻碍”（即消除障碍）来直接影响决策。策略必须对当前的公共卫生方法既敏锐又全面。
