Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.
Nurs Ethics. 2023 Sep;30(6):753-775. doi: 10.1177/09697330231155602. Epub 2023 Mar 28.
During a disaster, nurses face complex ethical challenges because of risky situations. It is necessary to identify trends and ethical issues of nurses in disasters to improve the quality of care and impact for nurses.
This systematic review enrolled in the international registration with PROSPERO: CRD42022350765. We searched the following databases: PubMed, EBSCO MEDLINE, SCOPUS, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Sage Pub. The inclusion criteria were developed according to PICO and D; are Population (F): involving nurses; intervention/Exposure (I): disaster, Comparison (C): none; outcome (O): ethical practice. And Design (D): qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods. Years of publication were 2012-2022, with full text in English. The quality of study assessment used was The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal tool and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) version 2018. Analysis used PICO synthesis.
There were 15 studies reviewed from 2093 results, including cross-sectional (4/15, 26.6%), qualitative (9/15, 60%), and mixed methods (2/15, 13.3%) studies. The types of disasters were: COVID-19 (7/15, 46.6%), infectious (4/15, 26.6%), and all disaster events (4/15, 26.6%). The main themes were: (1) ethical issues in disasters have the potential to address ethical dilemmas, (2) factors applying nursing ethics to support ethical decision-making in disasters, (3) strategies for applying ethics and dealing with ethical issues in disasters, and (4) the impact of applying ethics in disasters.
Applying ethics nursing in a disaster is influenced by various factors. This framework for ethical nursing in disasters aims to help nurses, educational institutions, and policymakers develop schemes or scenarios to enhance responsible ethical decisions in disasters.
在灾难中，护士由于面临危险的情况，会面临复杂的伦理挑战。因此，有必要识别护士在灾难中的趋势和伦理问题，以提高护理质量和护士的影响力。
本系统评价在国际注册平台 PROSPERO 注册，注册号为 CRD42022350765。我们检索了以下数据库：PubMed、EBSCO MEDLINE、SCOPUS、ProQuest、ScienceDirect 和 Sage Pub。纳入标准根据 PICO 和 D 制定：人群（F）：护士；干预/暴露（I）：灾难；比较（C）：无；结局（O）：伦理实践。设计（D）：定性、定量和混合方法。发表年限为 2012 年至 2022 年，全文为英文。研究质量评估使用的是 Joanna Briggs 研究所（JBI）的批判性评估工具和混合方法评估工具（MMAT）版本 2018。分析采用 PICO 综合法。
从 2093 项结果中审查了 15 项研究，包括横断面研究（4/15，26.6%）、定性研究（9/15，60%）和混合方法研究（2/15，13.3%）。灾难类型为：新冠肺炎（7/15，46.6%）、传染病（4/15，26.6%）和所有灾害事件（4/15，26.6%）。主要主题包括：（1）灾难中的伦理问题有可能解决伦理困境；（2）将护理伦理应用于支持灾难中伦理决策的因素；（3）在灾难中应用伦理和处理伦理问题的策略；（4）在灾难中应用伦理的影响。
在灾难中应用护理伦理受到多种因素的影响。本灾难护理伦理框架旨在帮助护士、教育机构和决策者制定方案或情景，以增强灾难中负责任的伦理决策。
