Kudrevicius Linas, Adliene Diana, Puiso Judita, Plaga Aurimas
Physics Department, Kaunas University of Technology, 44249 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Gels. 2023 Feb 28;9(3):189. doi: 10.3390/gels9030189.
Occupational radiation exposure monitoring is well-established in clinical or industrial environments with various different dosimeter systems. Despite the availability of many dosimetry methods and devices, a challenge with the occasional exposure registration, which may occur due to the spilling of radioactive materials or splitting of these materials in the environment, still exists, because not every individual will have an appropriate dosimeter at the time of the irradiation event. The aim of this work was to develop radiation-sensitive films-color-changing radiation indicators, which can be attached to or integrated in the textile. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based polymer hydrogels were used as a basis for fabrication of radiation indicator films. Several organic dyes (brilliant carmosine (BC), brilliant scarlet (BS), methylene red (MR), brilliant green (BG), brilliant blue (BB), methylene blue (MB) and xylenol orange (XiO)) were used as a coloring additives. Moreover, PVA films enriched with Ag nanoparticles (PVA-Ag) were investigated. In order to assess the radiation sensitivity of the produced films, experimental samples were irradiated in a linear accelerator with 6 MeV X-ray photons and the radiation sensitivity of irradiated films was evaluated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. The most sensitive were PVA-BB films indicating 0.4 Gy sensitivity in low-dose (0-1 or 2 Gy) range. The sensitivity at higher doses was modest. These PVA-dye films were sensitive enough to detect doses up to 10 Gy and PVA-MR film indicated stable 33.3% decolorization after irradiation at this dose. It was found that the dose sensitivity of all PVA-Ag gel films varied from 0.068 to 0.11 Gy and was dependent on the Ag additives concentration. Exchange of a small amount of water with ethanol or isopropanol caused the enhancement of radiation sensitivity in the films with the lowest AgNO concentration. Radiation-induced color change of AgPVA films varied between 30 and 40%. Performed research demonstrated the potential of colored hydrogel films in their applications as indicators for the assessment of the occasional radiation exposure.
职业辐射暴露监测在临床或工业环境中通过各种不同的剂量计系统已得到广泛应用。尽管有许多剂量测定方法和设备，但由于放射性物质的泄漏或环境中这些物质的散落可能导致偶尔的暴露记录面临挑战，因为并非每个人在辐射事件发生时都会佩戴合适的剂量计。这项工作的目的是开发对辐射敏感的薄膜——变色辐射指示剂，其可附着于纺织品或集成在纺织品中。基于聚乙烯醇（PVA）的聚合物水凝胶被用作制造辐射指示剂薄膜的基础。几种有机染料（灿烂洋红（BC）、灿烂猩红（BS）、亚甲基红（MR）、灿烂绿（BG）、灿烂蓝（BB）、亚甲基蓝（MB）和二甲酚橙（XiO））被用作着色添加剂。此外，还研究了富含银纳米颗粒的PVA薄膜（PVA-Ag）。为了评估所制备薄膜的辐射敏感性，将实验样品在直线加速器中用6兆电子伏的X射线光子进行辐照，并使用紫外-可见分光光度法评估辐照后薄膜的辐射敏感性。最敏感的是PVA-BB薄膜，在低剂量（0-1或2戈瑞）范围内显示出0.4戈瑞的敏感性。在较高剂量下敏感性适中。这些PVA-染料薄膜足够敏感，能够检测高达10戈瑞的剂量，并且PVA-MR薄膜在该剂量辐照后显示出稳定的33.3%的脱色率。研究发现，所有PVA-Ag凝胶薄膜的剂量敏感性在0.068至0.11戈瑞之间变化，并且取决于银添加剂的浓度。用乙醇或异丙醇少量替代水会导致在最低硝酸银浓度的薄膜中辐射敏感性增强。AgPVA薄膜的辐射诱导颜色变化在30%至40%之间。所进行的研究证明了有色水凝胶薄膜作为偶尔辐射暴露评估指标的应用潜力。
