Steele V A, White J A
Br J Sports Med. 1986 Mar;20(1):31-3. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.20.1.31.
In order to identify injury-proneness in female competitive gymnasts, 20 measures of flexibility, hypermobility, spinal posture and anthropometry were performed on 40 competitive gymnasts and injury scores were derived from the severity and extent of previous gymnastic injury and inherent hypermobility traits. Results were compared between contrasting groups of "low" and "high" injury gymnasts respectively (both N = 10). Nine variables demonstrated significant differences between the "low" and "high" injury risk status groups namely, weight (p less than 0.001), height (p less than 0.001), age (p less than 0.001), mesomorphy (p less than 0.01), Quetelet Index (p less than 0.01), shoulder flexion (p less than 0.05) and lumbar extension (p less than 0.05), standing lumbar curvature and total peripheral flexibility score (both p less than or equal to 0.05). Multiple regression analysis was applied to determine the relative contribution of these variables to the estimation of injury-proneness as evidenced by previous history of injury and hypermobility traits. Using 9 independent variables, multiple regression yielded a multiple correlation coefficient (R) = 0.840, accounting for over 70% of the observed variance (R2 = 0.706) in injury scores among the total group of gymnasts. However, a subset of five variables, (weight, mesomorphy, standing lumbar curvature, age and height) yielded a multiple correlation coefficient (R) = 0.834 accounting for almost 70% of the observed variance (R2 = 0.696). This was not significantly different from the larger subset. Using injury classification system of "low", "medium", and "high" risk categories, comparisons were made between predicted and observed injury scores in the respective risk categories. In "high" risk and "low" risk gymnasts, injury scores could be classified correctly with 70% and 79% accuracy respectively, so that relative risk status could be determined from simple physical tests which may be employed by practitioners in the field.
为了确定女子竞技体操运动员的易伤性，对40名竞技体操运动员进行了20项关于柔韧性、关节活动过度、脊柱姿势和人体测量的测试，并根据以往体操损伤的严重程度和范围以及固有的关节活动过度特征得出损伤评分。分别在“低”损伤和“高”损伤体操运动员这两组对比组之间比较结果（每组n = 10）。九个变量在“低”损伤风险状态组和“高”损伤风险状态组之间表现出显著差异，即体重（p < 0.001）、身高（p < 0.001）、年龄（p < 0.001）、中胚层体型（p < 0.01）、克托莱指数（p < 0.01）、肩部前屈（p < 0.05）和腰椎后伸（p < 0.05）、站立位腰椎曲度和总外周柔韧性评分（两者p ≤ 0.05）。应用多元回归分析来确定这些变量对根据既往损伤史和关节活动过度特征所证明的易伤性估计的相对贡献。使用9个自变量，多元回归得出多元相关系数（R）= 0.840，占体操运动员总组损伤评分中观察到的方差的70%以上（R² = 0.706）。然而，五个变量的子集（体重、中胚层体型、站立位腰椎曲度、年龄和身高）得出多元相关系数（R）= 0.834，占观察到的方差的近70%（R² = 0.696）。这与较大的子集没有显著差异。使用“低”、“中”和“高”风险类别的损伤分类系统，在各自风险类别中对预测损伤评分和观察到的损伤评分进行比较。在“高”风险和“低”风险体操运动员中，损伤评分的正确分类准确率分别为70%和79%，因此可以通过该领域从业者可能采用的简单身体测试来确定相对风险状态。
