巴黎还是柏林？克洛德·贝尔纳与埃米尔·杜·博伊斯-雷蒙德的竞争关系。

Paris or Berlin? Claude Bernard's rivalry with Emil du Bois-Reymond.

作者信息

Finkelstein Gabriel

机构信息

History Department, University of Colorado Denver, 1201 Larimer Street, Denver, CO, 80204, USA.

出版信息

Hist Philos Life Sci. 2023 Mar 28;45(2):15. doi: 10.1007/s40656-023-00567-6.

DOI:10.1007/s40656-023-00567-6

PMID:36976381

Abstract

Claude Bernard (1813-1878) and Emil du Bois-Reymond (1818-1896) rank as two of the most influential scientists of the nineteenth century. Renowned for their experiments, lectures, and writing, Bernard and du Bois-Reymond earned great prestige as professors of physiology in a time when Paris and Berlin reigned as capitals of science. Yet even though they were equals in every way, du Bois-Reymond's reputation has fallen far more than Bernard's. This essay compares aspects of the two men's attitudes to philosophy, history, and biology in an attempt to explain why Bernard remains the better known. The answer lies less in the value of du Bois-Reymond's contributions than in the way that science is remembered in France and Germany.

摘要

克洛德·贝尔纳（1813 - 1878）和埃米尔·杜布瓦 - 雷蒙德（1818 - 1896）堪称19世纪最具影响力的两位科学家。贝尔纳和杜布瓦 - 雷蒙德以其实验、讲座和著作而闻名，在巴黎和柏林作为科学之都的时代，他们作为生理学教授享有极高的威望。然而，尽管他们在各方面都不相上下，但杜布瓦 - 雷蒙德的声誉下滑幅度远大于贝尔纳。本文比较了两人在哲学、历史和生物学方面的态度，试图解释为何贝尔纳更为人所知。答案与其说是杜布瓦 - 雷蒙德贡献的价值，不如说是法国和德国对科学的记忆方式。