El-Sayed Marwa H, Ibrahim Mohamed M A, Elsobki Ahmed E A, Aioub Ahmed A A
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
Plant Protection Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt.
Toxics. 2023 Feb 24;11(3):215. doi: 10.3390/toxics11030215.
The extensive use of wide-ranging insecticides in agricultural activities may develop resistance in insects. The dipping technique was utilized for examining changes in detoxifying enzyme levels in L. induced by cypermethrin (CYP) and spinosad (SPD) with and without a combination of three enzyme inhibitors: triphenyl phosphate (TPP), diethyl maleate (DEM), and piperonyl butoxide (PBO), at 70 μg/mL. PBO, DEM, and TPP showed 50% mortality against larvae at 236.2, 324.5, and 245.8 μg/mL, respectively. The LC value of CYP on larvae reduced from 2.86 μg/mL to 1.58, 2.26, and 1.96 μg/mL, while the LC value of SPD declined from 3.27 μg/mL to 2.34, 2.56, and 2.53, with the addition of PBO, DEM, and TPP, respectively, 24 h after treatment. Moreover, the activity of carboxylesterase (CarE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (Cyp 450) was significantly inhibited ( < 0.05) by TPP, DEM, PBO plus CYP, and SPD in larvae in comparison with tested insecticides alone. These findings suggested that three enzyme inhibitors play a major role in increasing the toxicity of CYP and SPD in and will provide insight into how to overcome insecticide resistance in insects.
在农业活动中广泛使用各种杀虫剂可能会使昆虫产生抗药性。采用浸渍技术，在有和没有三种酶抑制剂（磷酸三苯酯（TPP）、马来酸二乙酯（DEM）和胡椒基丁醚（PBO））组合的情况下，研究了氯氰菊酯（CYP）和多杀菌素（SPD）对致倦库蚊幼虫解毒酶水平的影响，酶抑制剂浓度为70μg/mL。PBO、DEM和TPP对幼虫的致死中浓度分别为236.2、324.5和245.8μg/mL。处理24小时后，添加PBO、DEM和TPP后，CYP对幼虫的致死中浓度分别从2.86μg/mL降至1.58、2.26和1.96μg/mL，而SPD的致死中浓度从3.27μg/mL降至2.34、2.56和2.53μg/mL。此外，与单独使用受试杀虫剂相比，TPP、DEM、PBO加CYP和SPD显著抑制了致倦库蚊幼虫中羧酸酯酶（CarE）、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）和细胞色素P450单加氧酶（Cyp 450）的活性（P<0.05）。这些发现表明，三种酶抑制剂在增加CYP和SPD对致倦库蚊的毒性方面起主要作用，并将为如何克服昆虫的抗药性提供见解。
