Cardiac and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering (COTE) Group, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China.
Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2023 Aug;12(20):e2202827. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202202827. Epub 2023 Apr 14.
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The inability of cardiac tissue to regenerate after an infarction results in scar tissue formation, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Therefore, cardiac repair has always been a popular research topic. Recent advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine offer promising solutions combining stem cells and biomaterials to construct tissue substitutes that could have functions similar to healthy cardiac tissue. Among these biomaterials, plant-derived biomaterials show great promise in supporting cell growth due to their inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical stability. More importantly, plant-derived materials have reduced immunogenic properties compared to popular animal-derived materials (e.g., collagen and gelatin). In addition, they also offer improved wettability compared to synthetic materials. To date, limited literature is available to systemically summarize the progression of plant-derived biomaterials in cardiac tissue repair. Herein, this paper highlights the most common plant-derived biomaterials from both land and marine plants. The beneficial properties of these materials for tissue repair are further discussed. More importantly, the applications of plant-derived biomaterials in cardiac tissue engineering, including tissue-engineered scaffolds, bioink in 3D biofabrication, delivery vehicles, and bioactive molecules, are also summarized using the latest preclinical and clinical examples.
心血管疾病仍然是全球范围内导致死亡的主要原因。心肌梗死后，心肌无法再生，导致疤痕组织形成，从而导致心脏功能障碍。因此，心脏修复一直是一个热门的研究课题。组织工程和再生医学的最新进展为结合干细胞和生物材料构建组织替代物提供了有前途的解决方案，这些替代物可以具有类似于健康心肌组织的功能。在这些生物材料中，植物来源的生物材料由于其固有生物相容性、可生物降解性和机械稳定性，在支持细胞生长方面显示出巨大的潜力。更重要的是，与流行的动物来源材料（如胶原蛋白和明胶）相比，植物来源材料的免疫原性较低。此外，与合成材料相比，它们还具有更好的润湿性。迄今为止，系统总结植物来源生物材料在心脏组织修复中的进展的文献有限。本文重点介绍了陆地和海洋植物中最常见的植物来源生物材料。进一步讨论了这些材料对组织修复的有益特性。更重要的是，还使用最新的临床前和临床实例总结了植物来源生物材料在心脏组织工程中的应用，包括组织工程支架、3D 生物制造中的生物墨水、输送载体和生物活性分子。
