Falkner Florian, Mayer Simon Andreas, Thomas Benjamin, Zimmermann Sarah Onon, Walter Sonja, Heimel Patrick, Thiele Wilko, Sleeman Jonathan Paul, Bigdeli Amir Khosrow, Kiss Herbert, Podesser Bruno Karl, Kneser Ulrich, Bergmeister Helga, Schneider Karl Heinrich
Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2023 Mar 7;10(3):337. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10030337.
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the human placenta as a source of blood vessels that can be harvested for vascular graft fabrication in the submillimeter range. Our approach included graft modification to prevent thrombotic events. Submillimeter arterial grafts harvested from the human placenta were decellularized and chemically crosslinked to heparin. Graft performance was evaluated using a microsurgical arteriovenous loop (AVL) model in Lewis rats. Specimens were evaluated through hematoxylin-eosin and CD31 staining of histological sections to analyze host cell immigration and vascular remodeling. Graft patency was determined 3 weeks after implantation using a vascular patency test, histology, and micro-computed tomography. A total of 14 human placenta submillimeter vessel grafts were successfully decellularized and implanted into AVLs in rats. An appropriate inner diameter to graft length ratio of 0.81 ± 0.16 mm to 7.72 ± 3.20 mm was achieved in all animals. Grafts were left in situ for a mean of 24 ± 4 days. Decellularized human placental grafts had an overall patency rate of 71% and elicited no apparent immunological responses. Histological staining revealed host cell immigration into the graft and re-endothelialization of the vessel luminal surface. This study demonstrates that decellularized vascular grafts from the human placenta have the potential to serve as super-microsurgical vascular replacements.
在本研究中，我们旨在评估人胎盘作为血管来源的可行性，以便获取用于制造亚毫米级血管移植物的血管。我们的方法包括对移植物进行改性以防止血栓形成事件。从人胎盘获取的亚毫米级动脉移植物进行脱细胞处理，并与肝素进行化学交联。使用Lewis大鼠的显微外科动静脉环（AVL）模型评估移植物性能。通过苏木精-伊红染色和组织切片的CD31染色对标本进行评估，以分析宿主细胞迁移和血管重塑情况。在植入3周后，使用血管通畅性测试、组织学和微型计算机断层扫描确定移植物的通畅情况。总共14个人胎盘亚毫米级血管移植物成功进行了脱细胞处理并植入大鼠的AVL中。所有动物的移植物内径与长度之比均达到了合适的0.81±0.16毫米至7.72±3.20毫米。移植物平均原位留存24±4天。脱细胞人胎盘移植物的总体通畅率为71%，且未引发明显的免疫反应。组织学染色显示宿主细胞迁移至移植物内，血管腔表面重新内皮化。本研究表明，来自人胎盘的脱细胞血管移植物有潜力作为超显微外科血管替代物。
