Research and Development, StimLabs LLC, 1225 Northmeadow Parkway, Suite 104, Roswell, GA 30076, USA.
Biomed Res Int. 2022 Apr 21;2022:6751456. doi: 10.1155/2022/6751456. eCollection 2022.
Placental tissues encompass all the tissues which support fetal development, including the placenta, placental membrane, umbilical cord, and amniotic fluid. Since the 1990s there has been renewed interest in the use of these tissues as a raw material for regenerative medicine applications. Placental tissues have been extensively studied for their potential contribution to tissue repair applications. Studies have attributed their efficacy in augmenting the healing process to the extracellular matrix scaffolds rich in collagens, glycosaminoglycans, and proteoglycans, as well as the presence of cytokines within the tissues that have been shown to stimulate re-epithelialization, promote angiogenesis, and aid in the reduction of inflammation and scarring. The compositions and properties of all birth tissues give them the potential to be valuable biomaterials for the development of new regenerative therapies. Herein, the development and compositions of each of these tissues are reviewed, with focus on the structural and signaling components that are relevant to medical applications. This review also explores current configurations and recent innovations in the use of placental tissues as biomaterials in regenerative medicine.
胎盘组织包括支持胎儿发育的所有组织，包括胎盘、胎盘膜、脐带和羊水。自 20 世纪 90 年代以来，人们对这些组织作为再生医学应用的原材料重新产生了兴趣。胎盘组织因其在组织修复应用中的潜在贡献而得到了广泛研究。研究认为，它们在增强愈合过程中的功效归因于富含胶原蛋白、糖胺聚糖和蛋白聚糖的细胞外基质支架，以及组织中存在的细胞因子，这些细胞因子已被证明可刺激再上皮化、促进血管生成，并有助于减少炎症和瘢痕形成。所有出生组织的组成和特性使它们有可能成为开发新的再生疗法的有价值的生物材料。本文综述了这些组织的开发和组成，重点介绍了与医学应用相关的结构和信号成分。本综述还探讨了胎盘组织作为再生医学生物材料的当前配置和最新创新。
