Transcriptome Profile Reveals Differences between Remote and Ischemic Myocardium after Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Swine Model.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the consequence of an acute interruption of myocardial blood flow delimiting an area with ischemic necrosis. The loss of cardiomyocytes initiates cardiac remodeling in the myocardium, leading to molecular changes in an attempt to recover myocardial function. The purpose of this study was to unravel the differences in the molecular profile between ischemic and remote myocardium after AMI in an experimental model. To mimic human myocardial infarction, healthy pigs were subjected to occlusion of the mid-left anterior descending coronary artery, and myocardial tissue was collected from ischemic and remote zones for omics techniques. Comparative transcriptome analysis of both areas was accurately validated by proteomic analysis, resulting in mitochondrion-related biological processes being the most impaired mechanisms in the infarcted area. Moreover, Immune system process-related genes were up-regulated in the remote tissue, mainly due to the increase of neutrophil migration in this area. These results provide valuable information regarding differentially expressed genes and their biological functions between ischemic and remote myocardium after AMI, which could be useful for establishing therapeutic targets for the development of new treatments.