Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, Hamilton, ON L8S 4LS, Canada.
Biosensors (Basel). 2023 Mar 14;13(3):384. doi: 10.3390/bios13030384.
Chronic pain is now included in the designation of chronic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, which can impair quality of life and are major causes of death and disability worldwide. Pain can be treated using cannabinoids such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) due to their wide range of therapeutic benefits, particularly as sedatives, analgesics, neuroprotective agents, or anti-cancer medicines. While little is known about the pharmacokinetics of these compounds, there is increasing interest in the scientific understanding of the benefits and clinical applications of cannabinoids. In this review, we study the use of nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensing for detecting Δ9-THC and CBD. We investigate how nanomaterials can be functionalized to obtain highly sensitive and selective electrochemical sensors for detecting Δ9-THC and CBD. Additionally, we discuss the impacts of sensor pretreatment at fixed potentials and physiochemical parameters of the sensing medium, such as pH, on the electrochemical performance of Δ9-THC and CBD sensors. We believe this review will serve as a guideline for developing Δ9-THC and CBD electrochemical sensors for point-of-care applications.
慢性疼痛现在被列入癌症、糖尿病和心血管疾病等慢性疾病的范畴，这些疾病会降低生活质量，是全球范围内导致死亡和残疾的主要原因。由于大麻素（如 Δ9-四氢大麻酚（Δ9-THC）和大麻二酚（CBD））具有广泛的治疗益处，例如镇静剂、镇痛药、神经保护剂或抗癌药物，因此可以用它们来治疗疼痛。尽管人们对这些化合物的药代动力学知之甚少，但人们越来越关注对大麻素的科学认识及其临床应用。在这篇综述中，我们研究了基于纳米材料的电化学传感在检测 Δ9-THC 和 CBD 中的应用。我们研究了如何对纳米材料进行功能化，以获得用于检测 Δ9-THC 和 CBD 的高灵敏度和选择性电化学传感器。此外，我们还讨论了传感器在固定电位下的预处理以及传感介质的物理化学参数（如 pH 值）对 Δ9-THC 和 CBD 传感器电化学性能的影响。我们相信，这篇综述将为开发用于即时检测应用的 Δ9-THC 和 CBD 电化学传感器提供指导。
