Bianciardi Emanuela, Ongaretto Francesca, De Stefano Alberto, Siracusano Alberto, Niolu Cinzia
Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Cracovia, 50, 00133 Roma, Italy.
Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Children (Basel). 2023 Feb 22;10(3):421. doi: 10.3390/children10030421.
During the perinatal period, up to 25% of women experience difficulties in relating to their child. The mother-child bond promotes the transition to motherhood, protects the woman from depression, and protects the child from the intergenerational transmission of the disease. This study prospectively investigated if the relationship with the co-parent, the attachment style, and the bond that women had with their parents influenced the mother-fetus and then mother-child bond. We also explored the role of depression and anxiety. One hundred nineteen pregnant women were enrolled. We administered clinical interviews and psychometric tools. A telephone interview was conducted at 1, 3, and 6 months of follow-up. Maternal insecure attachment style (r = -0.253, = 0.006) and women's dyadic adjustment in the couple's relationships (r = 0.182, = 0.049) were correlated with lower maternal-fetal attachment. Insecure attachment styles and depression correlate with bottle-feeding rather than breastfeeding. The bond women had with their mothers, not their fathers, was associated with breastfeeding. Depression (OR = 0.243, = 0.008) and anxiety (OR = 0.185, = 0.004; OR = 0.304, < 0.0001) were related to mother-infant bonding. Close relationships, past and present, affect the bond with the fetus and the child differently. Psychotherapy can provide reassuring and restorative intersubjective experiences.
在围产期，高达25%的女性在与孩子建立关系时会遇到困难。母婴联结有助于向母亲角色的转变，保护女性免受抑郁症困扰，并保护孩子免受疾病的代际传播。本研究前瞻性地调查了与孩子父亲的关系、依恋风格以及女性与父母的联结是否会影响母婴联结以及之后的母子联结。我们还探讨了抑郁和焦虑的作用。招募了119名孕妇。我们进行了临床访谈并使用了心理测量工具。在随访的1个月、3个月和6个月时进行了电话访谈。母亲不安全的依恋风格（r = -0.253，P = 0.006）以及女性在夫妻关系中的二元调适（r = 0.182，P = 0.049）与较低的母婴依恋相关。不安全的依恋风格和抑郁与人工喂养而非母乳喂养相关。女性与母亲而非父亲的联结与母乳喂养相关。抑郁（OR = 0.243，P = 0.008）和焦虑（OR = 0.185，P = 0.004；OR = 0.304，P < 0.0001）与母婴联结相关。过去和现在的亲密关系对与胎儿和孩子的联结有不同影响。心理治疗可以提供令人安心和恢复性的主体间体验。
