五因素人格维度在医学生父母教养方式差异与心理健康之间的中介作用。
Five-Factor Personality Dimensions Mediated the Relationship between Parents' Parenting Style Differences and Mental Health among Medical University Students.
机构信息
School of Public Policy and Management (School of Emergency Management), China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Department of Current Situation and Policy, School of Marxism, Shandong Women's University, Jinan 250300, China.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Mar 10;20(6):4908. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20064908.
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have identified the relationships between parental parenting style, personality, and mental health. However, the interactive influences between mother's and father's parenting styles on personality have been examined less often. To fill the gaps, the first aim of this study was to build the relationships between parental parenting style differences (PDs) and five-factor personality dimensions. The second aim was to test the mediating effect of five-factor personality dimensions on the relationships between parental parenting style differences and mental health.
METHODS
This is a cross-sectional study conducted among medical university students, and 2583 valid participants were analyzed. Mental health was measured by the Kessler-10 scale. The Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory brief version (CBF-PI-B) was used to access five-factor personality dimensions. PD was calculated by the short form of Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran. Linear regressions were conducted to analyze the associations between PD and five-factor personality dimensions. The SPSS macros program (PROCESS v3.3) was performed to test the mediating effect of five-factor personality dimensions on the associations between PD and mental health.
RESULTS
Linear regressions found that worse mental health was positively associated with PD (β = 0.15, < 0.001), higher neuroticism (β = 0.61, < 0.001), lower conscientiousness (β = -0.11, < 0.001), lower agreeableness (β = -0.10, < 0.01), and lower openness (β = -0.05, < 0.05). The results also supported that PD was positively associated with lower conscientiousness (β = -0.15, < 0.01), lower agreeableness (β = -0.09, < 0.001), lower openness (β = -0.15, < 0.001), and lower extraversion (β = -0.08, < 0.001), respectively. The mediating effect of agreeableness or openness was supported for the relationships between PD and mental health.
CONCLUSION
These findings remind us of the importance of consistent parenting styles between mother and father, and they also can be translated into practices to improve mental health among medical university students.
背景
先前的研究已经确定了父母养育方式、个性和心理健康之间的关系。然而，父母养育方式之间的相互影响较少被研究。为了填补空白，本研究的第一个目的是建立父母养育方式差异（PD）与五因素人格维度之间的关系。第二个目的是测试五因素人格维度对父母养育方式差异与心理健康之间关系的中介作用。
方法
这是一项在医科大学生中进行的横断面研究，分析了 2583 名有效参与者。心理健康采用 Kessler-10 量表进行评估。采用中国大五人格简式量表（CBF-PI-B）评估五因素人格维度。PD 由养育方式问卷的短式（Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran）计算得出。采用线性回归分析 PD 与五因素人格维度之间的关系。采用 SPSS 宏程序（PROCESS v3.3）检验五因素人格维度对 PD 与心理健康之间关系的中介作用。
结果
线性回归发现，较差的心理健康与 PD（β=0.15， < 0.001）、较高的神经质（β=0.61， < 0.001）、较低的尽责性（β=-0.11， < 0.001）、较低的宜人性（β=-0.10， < 0.01）和较低的开放性（β=-0.05， < 0.05）呈正相关。结果还支持 PD 与较低的尽责性（β=-0.15， < 0.01）、较低的宜人性（β=-0.09， < 0.001）、较低的开放性（β=-0.15， < 0.001）和较低的外向性（β=-0.08， < 0.001）呈正相关。宜人性或开放性的中介作用支持 PD 与心理健康之间的关系。
结论
这些发现提醒我们，父母养育方式在母亲和父亲之间保持一致的重要性，并且它们也可以转化为实践，以改善医科大学生的心理健康。
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