Spórna-Kucab Aneta, Tekieli Anna, Grzegorczyk Agnieszka, Świątek Łukasz, Boguszewska Anastazja, Skalicka-Woźniak Krystyna
Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analytics, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland.
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Metabolites. 2023 Mar 9;13(3):408. doi: 10.3390/metabo13030408.
L. is an edible plant with health-beneficial activities. The profile of betaxanthins is more complex than previously described in beetroot cultivars. Twenty-four betaxanthins were detected in extracts of the peel and flesh of five cultivars by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS, of which two new betaxanthins (arginine-Bx and ornithine-Bx) were detected for the first time in cultivars. The content of betaxanthins in the studied cultivars decreased in the Tytus > Ceryl > Chrobry > Forono > Boldor sequence. The highest content of compounds (1231 mg/100 g DE) was observed in the Tytus cultivar (peel). The peel of , which is often considered a waste, appeared to be a richer source of betaxanthins compared to its flesh. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were determined against twenty-three microorganisms. Tytus (peel) showed a moderate or good bactericidal effect, especially against the majority of Gram-positive bacteria as well as against most of the tested fungi (MIC = 0.125-0.5 mg/mL) and additionally characterized by low cytotoxicity towards non-cancerous cells (CC = 405 μg/mL, CC-50% cytotoxic concentration). Tytus flesh also showed a high cytotoxicity value against human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa), with CC of 282 μg/mL. Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the betaxanthin profiles and antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Arginine-Bx, proline-Bx, and tryptophan-Bx were indicated as active against HeLa and the colon cancer cell line (RKO), while asparagine-Bx and phenylalanine-Bx was responsible for activity against all tested bacterial and yeast species. The significant effectiveness and safety of these beetroots make indicated compounds promising applicants as antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
L.是一种具有有益健康活性的可食用植物。甜菜红素的分布比之前在甜菜品种中描述的更为复杂。通过高效液相色谱-二极管阵列-电喷雾串联质谱法（HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS）在五个品种的果皮和果肉提取物中检测到了24种甜菜红素，其中两种新的甜菜红素（精氨酸-甜菜红素和鸟氨酸-甜菜红素）首次在品种中被检测到。在所研究的品种中，甜菜红素的含量按照Tytus > Ceryl > Chrobry > Forono > Boldor的顺序递减。在Tytus品种（果皮）中观察到化合物的最高含量（1231毫克/100克干重）。通常被视为废弃物的L.果皮，与其果肉相比，似乎是更丰富的甜菜红素来源。针对23种微生物测定了抗菌和抗真菌活性。Tytus（果皮）表现出中等或良好的杀菌效果，特别是对大多数革兰氏阳性菌以及大多数测试真菌（最低抑菌浓度=0.125 - 0.5毫克/毫升），此外其对非癌细胞的细胞毒性较低（CC = 405微克/毫升，CC - 50%细胞毒性浓度）。Tytus果肉对人宫颈腺癌（HeLa）也显示出高细胞毒性值，CC为282微克/毫升。采用相关性分析来确定甜菜红素分布与抗菌和抗癌活性之间的关系。精氨酸-甜菜红素、脯氨酸-甜菜红素和色氨酸-甜菜红素对HeLa和结肠癌细胞系（RKO）有活性，而天冬酰胺-甜菜红素和苯丙氨酸-甜菜红素对所有测试的细菌和酵母菌种有活性。这些甜菜的显著有效性和安全性使得所指出的化合物有望成为有前景的抗菌和抗癌剂。
