Spórna-Kucab Aneta, Tekieli Anna, Grzegorczyk Agnieszka, Świątek Łukasz, Rajtar Barbara, Skalicka-Woźniak Krystyna, Starzak Karolina, Nemzer Boris, Pietrzkowski Zbigniew, Wybraniec Sławomir
Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland.
Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Aug 25;11(9):1654. doi: 10.3390/antiox11091654.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the possible correlation between the bioactivity and the phytochemical profile of four betalain-rich extracts from Portulaca grandiflora Hook. The HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis indicated the presence of 19 betaxanthins and two betacyanins. The highest concentrations of betaxanthins (982 mg/100 g DE) and betacyanins (650 mg/100 g DE) were noticed in orange and purple flowers extracts, respectively. The HPLC-DAD-ESI-HRMS/MS analyses revealed the presence of a total of 71 compounds. Fifteen new betaxanthins and fifty other metabolites were identified for the first time. The antioxidant activity of the studied flower extracts increased in the sequence of yellow < orange < purple < red (0.066−0.176 mM TE/g DE). Betalains showed less effect on the antioxidant activity of extracts than other metabolites did. Extracts from yellow and orange flowers were more active against Gram-positive bacteria (MIC = 4−16 mg/L), whereas extracts from red and purple flowers were slightly more active against Gram-negative bacteria (MIC = 16−32 mg/L). All the extracts showed the same activity against yeasts (MIC = 32 mg/L). Betaxanthins were active against Gram-positive bacteria, whereas betacyanins were active against Gram-negative bacteria. Remaining metabolites also exhibited antimicrobial activities. The cytotoxicity assessment showed that the P. grandiflora extracts were non-toxic to normal VERO cells. No significant antiviral activity towards Human Herpesvirus type 1 was observed (62 µg/mL). Among the tested varieties, the purple one showed anticancer selectivity towards colon carcinoma cells (RKO).
本研究的目的是评估大花马齿苋中四种富含甜菜红素的提取物的生物活性与植物化学特征之间的可能相关性。HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS分析表明存在19种甜菜黄素和2种甜菜青素。分别在橙色和紫色花朵提取物中发现了最高浓度的甜菜黄素（982 mg/100 g DE）和甜菜青素（650 mg/100 g DE）。HPLC-DAD-ESI-HRMS/MS分析共鉴定出71种化合物。首次鉴定出15种新的甜菜黄素和50种其他代谢物。所研究的花朵提取物的抗氧化活性按黄色＜橙色＜紫色＜红色的顺序增加（0.066−0.176 mM TE/g DE）。甜菜红素对提取物抗氧化活性的影响小于其他代谢物。黄色和橙色花朵的提取物对革兰氏阳性菌更具活性（MIC = 4−16 mg/L），而红色和紫色花朵提取物对革兰氏阴性菌的活性略高（MIC = 16−32 mg/L）。所有提取物对酵母的活性相同（MIC = 32 mg/L）。甜菜黄素对革兰氏阳性菌有活性，而甜菜青素对革兰氏阴性菌有活性。其余代谢物也表现出抗菌活性。细胞毒性评估表明，大花马齿苋提取物对正常VERO细胞无毒。未观察到对1型人疱疹病毒有显著的抗病毒活性（62 µg/mL）。在所测试的品种中，紫色品种对结肠癌细胞（RKO）表现出抗癌选择性。
