Govindarajan Rasiravathanahalli Kaveriyappan, Mishra Awdhesh Kumar, Cho Kiu-Hyung, Kim Ki-Hyun, Yoon Kyoung Mi, Baek Kwang-Hyun
Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
Gyeongbuk Institute for Bioindustry, Andong 36618, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
Metabolites. 2023 Mar 17;13(3):442. doi: 10.3390/metabo13030442.
Cannabis belongs to the family Cannabaceae, and phytocannabinoids are produced by the L. plant. A long-standing debate regarding the plant is whether it contains one or more species. Phytocannabinoids are bioactive natural products found in flowers, seeds, and fruits. They can be beneficial for treating human diseases (such as multiple sclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, and pain), the cellular metabolic process, and regulating biological function systems. In addition, several phytocannabinoids are used in various therapeutic and pharmaceutical applications. This study provides an overview of the different sources of phytocannabinoids; further, the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds involving various pathways is elucidated. The structural classification of phytocannabinoids is based on their decorated resorcinol core and the bioactivities of naturally occurring cannabinoids. Furthermore, phytocannabinoids have been studied in terms of their role in animal models and antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi; further, they show potential for therapeutic applications and are used in treating various human diseases. Overall, this review can help deepen the current understanding of the role of biotechnological approaches and the importance of phytocannabinoids in different industrial applications.
大麻属于大麻科，植物大麻（Cannabis sativa L.）能产生植物大麻素。关于这种植物长期存在的一个争论是它包含一个还是多个物种。植物大麻素是在花、种子和果实中发现的具有生物活性的天然产物。它们对治疗人类疾病（如多发性硬化症、神经退行性疾病、癫痫和疼痛）、细胞代谢过程以及调节生物功能系统可能有益。此外，几种植物大麻素被用于各种治疗和制药应用。本研究概述了植物大麻素的不同来源；此外，还阐明了涉及各种途径的生物活性化合物的生物合成。植物大麻素的结构分类基于其修饰的间苯二酚核心以及天然存在的大麻素的生物活性。此外，还研究了植物大麻素在动物模型中的作用以及对细菌和真菌的抗菌活性；此外，它们显示出治疗应用的潜力，并被用于治疗各种人类疾病。总体而言，这篇综述有助于加深目前对生物技术方法的作用以及植物大麻素在不同工业应用中的重要性的理解。
