Nguyen Linh Do Ngoc, Gantois Nausicaa, Hoang Trung Thanh, Do Bong Thi, Desramaut Jeremy, Naguib Doaa, Tran Tuan Ngoc, Truong Anh Duc, Even Gaël, Certad Gabriela, Chabé Magali, Viscogliosi Eric
Family Hospital, 73 Nguyen Huu Tho Street, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam.
Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
Microorganisms. 2023 Mar 12;11(3):731. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11030731.
Although sp. is the most common enteric protozoan in human stools worldwide, various geographical areas remain to be investigated regarding the frequency and circulation of this parasite. Such is the case of some developing countries in Southeast Asia that exhibit a higher risk for parasitic infections due to unsanitary conditions. While several epidemiological surveys have been conducted, for instance, in Thailand, little or no data are available from neighboring countries, such as Vietnam. Therefore, in order to determine the prevalence and subtype (ST) distribution of sp. and to clarify the transmission of the parasite, the first molecular epidemiological survey ever conducted in this country was performed. For this purpose, a total of 310 stool specimens were collected from patients enrolled at the Family Hospital of Da Nang and then tested for the presence of sp. by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR), followed by subtyping of the isolates. The overall prevalence of the parasite reached 34.5% in this Vietnamese cohort. No significant association was found between parasite infection and gender, age, symptomatic status, contact with animals or source of drinking water. Out of the 107 positive patients, nearly half presented mixed infections. Therefore, some of the corresponding samples were reanalyzed by end-point PCR, followed by PCR products cloning and sequencing. Of the 88 total subtyped isolates, ST3 was predominant, followed by ST10, ST14, ST7, ST1, ST4, ST6 and ST8. Our study was, thus, the first to report ST8, ST10 and ST14 in the Southeast Asian population. The predominance of ST3 within this Vietnamese cohort, coupled with its low intra-ST genetic variability, reflected a large inter-human transmission, while ST1 transmission was suggested to be not only anthroponotic, but also likely correlated to animal or environmental sources. Strikingly, isolates considered of animal origin (ST6-ST8, ST10 and ST14) accounted for more than 50% of the subtyped isolates. These findings improved our knowledge of the epidemiology and circulation of sp. in Southeast Asia, and in particular, in Vietnam, and highlighted both a major burden of the parasite in this country and a high risk of zoonotic transmission, mainly from poultry and livestock.
尽管[某种寄生虫名称]是全球人类粪便中最常见的肠道原生动物，但关于该寄生虫在各个地理区域的感染频率和传播情况仍有待进一步研究。东南亚的一些发展中国家就是如此，由于卫生条件差，这些国家面临着较高的寄生虫感染风险。例如，虽然泰国已经开展了多项流行病学调查，但邻国越南的数据却很少或几乎没有。因此，为了确定[某种寄生虫名称]的流行率和亚型（ST）分布，并阐明该寄生虫的传播途径，该国首次进行了分子流行病学调查。为此，研究人员从岘港家庭医院的患者中总共收集了310份粪便样本，然后通过实时聚合酶链反应（qPCR）检测样本中是否存在[某种寄生虫名称]，随后对分离株进行亚型分析。在这个越南队列中，该寄生虫的总体感染率达到了34.5%。研究发现，寄生虫感染与性别、年龄、症状状态、与动物接触情况或饮用水来源之间没有显著关联。在107名阳性患者中，近一半呈现混合感染。因此，对一些相应样本进行了终点PCR重新分析，随后对PCR产物进行克隆和测序。在总共88个已分型的分离株中，ST3占主导地位，其次是ST10、ST14、ST7、ST1、ST4、ST6和ST8。因此，我们的研究首次在东南亚人群中报告了ST8、ST10和ST14。该越南队列中ST3的优势地位，以及其在ST内较低的遗传变异性，反映了人与人之间的大量传播，而ST1的传播不仅被认为是人间传播，而且可能与动物或环境来源有关。引人注目的是，被认为源自动物的分离株（ST6 - ST8、ST10和ST14）占已分型分离株的50%以上。这些发现增进了我们对[某种寄生虫名称]在东南亚，特别是在越南地区的流行病学和传播情况的了解，并突出了该寄生虫在该国造成的重大负担以及人畜共患病传播的高风险，主要来自家禽和家畜。
