College of Physics Science and Technology, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China.
Molecules. 2023 Mar 17;28(6):2721. doi: 10.3390/molecules28062721.
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), the favorite of next-generation energy storage devices, are popular among researchers owing to their environmental friendliness, low cost, and safety. However, AZIBs still face problems of low cathode capacity, fast attenuation, slow ion migration rate, and irregular dendrite growth on anodes. In recent years, many researchers have focused on Zn anode modification to restrain dendrite growth. This review introduces the energy storage mechanism and current challenges of AZIBs, and then some modifying strategies for zinc anodes are elucidated from the perspectives of experiments and theoretical calculations. From the experimental point of view, the modification strategy is mainly to construct a dense artificial interface layer or porous framework on the anode surface, with some research teams directly using zinc alloys as anodes. On the other hand, theoretical research is mainly based on adsorption energy, differential charge density, and molecular dynamics. Finally, this paper summarizes the research progress on AZIBs and puts forward some prospects.
水系锌离子电池（AZIBs）作为下一代储能设备的首选，因其环境友好、成本低、安全性高等优点而受到研究人员的青睐。然而，AZIBs 仍然存在阴极容量低、衰减快、离子迁移率慢和阳极枝晶生长不规则等问题。近年来，许多研究人员致力于锌阳极的改性以抑制枝晶生长。本文介绍了 AZIBs 的储能机制和当前面临的挑战，然后从实验和理论计算两个方面阐述了锌阳极的一些改性策略。从实验的角度来看，改性策略主要是在阳极表面构建致密的人工界面层或多孔骨架，一些研究团队直接使用锌合金作为阳极。另一方面，理论研究主要基于吸附能、差分电荷密度和分子动力学。最后，本文总结了 AZIBs 的研究进展，并提出了一些展望。
