Department of Defense Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, MD, USA.
The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA.
Sleep. 2023 Jul 11;46(7). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsad080.
If properly consumed, caffeine can safely and effectively mitigate the effects of sleep loss on alertness. However, there are no tools to determine the amount and time to consume caffeine to maximize its effectiveness. Here, we extended the capabilities of the 2B-Alert app, a unique smartphone application that learns an individual's trait-like response to sleep loss, to provide personalized caffeine recommendations to optimize alertness.
We prospectively validated 2B-Alert's capabilities in a 62-hour total sleep deprivation study in which 21 participants used the app to measure their alertness throughout the study via the psychomotor vigilance test (PVT). Using PVT data collected during the first 36 hours of the sleep challenge, the app learned the participant's sleep-loss response and provided personalized caffeine recommendations so that each participant would sustain alertness at a pre-specified target level (mean response time of 270 milliseconds) during a 6-hour period starting at 44 hours of wakefulness, using the least amount of caffeine possible. Starting at 42 hours, participants consumed 0 to 800 mg of caffeine, per the app recommendation.
2B-Alert recommended no caffeine to five participants, 100-400 mg to 11 participants, and 500-800 mg to five participants. Regardless of the consumed amount, participants sustained the target alertness level ~80% of the time.
2B-Alert automatically learns an individual's phenotype and provides personalized caffeine recommendations in real time so that individuals achieve a desired alertness level regardless of their sleep-loss susceptibility.
如果摄入适量，咖啡因可以安全有效地减轻睡眠不足对警觉性的影响。然而，目前还没有工具可以确定摄入咖啡因的量和时间，以最大限度地提高其效果。在这里，我们扩展了 2B-Alert 应用程序的功能，该应用程序是一种独特的智能手机应用程序，可以学习个体对睡眠不足的特质反应，以提供个性化的咖啡因建议来优化警觉性。
我们前瞻性地验证了 2B-Alert 在一项 62 小时总睡眠剥夺研究中的能力，在这项研究中，21 名参与者使用该应用程序通过精神运动警觉测试（PVT）在整个研究过程中测量他们的警觉性。使用睡眠挑战的前 36 小时收集的 PVT 数据，该应用程序学习参与者的睡眠不足反应，并提供个性化的咖啡因建议，以便每个参与者在 44 小时清醒后开始的 6 小时内保持指定的目标警觉水平（平均反应时间为 270 毫秒），使用尽可能少的咖啡因。从 42 小时开始，参与者根据应用程序的建议摄入 0 至 800 毫克咖啡因。
2B-Alert 建议五名参与者不摄入咖啡因，11 名参与者摄入 100-400 毫克咖啡因，五名参与者摄入 500-800 毫克咖啡因。无论摄入多少咖啡因，参与者都能保持目标警觉水平的 80%左右。
2B-Alert 自动学习个体的表型，并实时提供个性化的咖啡因建议，以便个体在不考虑其睡眠不足易感性的情况下达到期望的警觉水平。
