Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
Matern Child Health J. 2023 Jul;27(7):1247-1253. doi: 10.1007/s10995-023-03656-x. Epub 2023 Mar 29.
Maternal and child under-nutrition is particularly widespread in low and middle-income nations, increasing the overall disease burden due to poor nutritional status. The aim of this study was to develop nutrition intervention for the prevention and control of anaemia among women of reproductive age.
Community-based intervention study was conducted among 443 women of reproductive age group (15-49 years) to determine the effectiveness of a 6-month nutrition intervention package. The nutrition intervention was developed by using Precede-Proceed model and the trans-theoretical model of behavior change. Multi-channel communication approach was adopted and nutrition intervention package was provided. Assessment of haemoglobin, red blood cells, platelet, ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, haematocrit test, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, red cell distribution width and total leucocyte count was compared at the baseline and endline after the intervention among the participants. The chi-square test of independence and t-test were performed.
The only mean ferritin level shows significant improvement (p < 0.001). A significant decrease (~ 15%, p = 0.027) in anaemia was observed after the intervention.
Improvement in anaemic status of women was observed. National schemes and programs require a more robust strategical implementation like food fortification/bio fortification and behaviour change communication at village level to enhance the availability and accessibility of fortified food.
孕产妇和儿童营养不足在中低收入国家尤为普遍，由于营养状况不佳，整体疾病负担增加。本研究旨在针对育龄妇女制定营养干预措施，以预防和控制贫血。
对 443 名育龄妇女（15-49 岁）进行了基于社区的干预研究，以确定为期 6 个月的营养干预方案的有效性。营养干预是使用前置-后续模型和行为改变的跨理论模型制定的。采用多渠道沟通方法提供营养干预包。在干预前后，对参与者的血红蛋白、红细胞、血小板、铁蛋白、叶酸、维生素 B12、血细胞比容试验、平均红细胞体积、平均红细胞血红蛋白、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度、红细胞分布宽度和白细胞总数进行评估。进行了独立性卡方检验和 t 检验。
只有平均铁蛋白水平显示出显著改善（p<0.001）。干预后贫血显著减少（~15%，p=0.027）。
观察到妇女贫血状况的改善。国家计划和方案需要更加强有力的战略实施，例如在村庄层面进行食物强化/生物强化和行为改变沟通，以提高强化食品的可得性和可及性。
