Agricultural College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China.
J Sci Food Agric. 2023 Aug 15;103(10):5061-5069. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.12588. Epub 2023 Apr 20.
Global warming has led to methods of planting late-maturing maize varieties in northeast China that have hindered the development of physiological maturity (PM) at harvest and the use of mechanical grain harvesting (MGH). Under these conditions it is difficult to balance the drying characteristics of maize varieties and to make full use of accumulated temperature resources in such a way as to reduce grain moisture content (GMC) at harvest.
The effective accumulated temperature (AcT) and the drying rates of different varieties vary. In northeast China, with a GMC of 25%, the growth periods of a fast-drying variety (FDV) and a slow-drying variety (SDV) were 114-192 days and 110-188 days respectively. After PM, the FDV needed 47 days and the SDV needed 51 days to reduce the GMC to be ready for MGH. Harvested with a GMC of 20%, the growth period for the FDV was 97-175 days and for the SDV it was 90-171 days. After PM, the FDV required 64 days and the SDV needed 70 days to reduce the GMC to be ready for MGH.
Matching cultivars with AcT can help farmers to choose suitable varieties. Promoting MGH may boost maize production, thus ensuring China's food security. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
全球变暖导致中国东北地区采用晚熟玉米品种的种植方法，阻碍了收获时生理成熟（PM）的发展和机械谷物收获（MGH）的应用。在这种情况下，很难平衡玉米品种的干燥特性，并充分利用积温资源，以降低收获时的籽粒水分含量（GMC）。
不同品种的有效积温和干燥速率不同。在中国东北地区，当 GMC 为 25%时，快速干燥品种（FDV）和慢速干燥品种（SDV）的生长周期分别为 114-192 天和 110-188 天。PM 后，FDV 需要 47 天，SDV 需要 51 天才能降低 GMC 以准备 MGH。当 GMC 为 20%时，FDV 的生长周期为 97-175 天，SDV 的生长周期为 90-171 天。PM 后，FDV 需要 64 天，SDV 需要 70 天才能降低 GMC 以准备 MGH。
将品种与 AcT 相匹配可以帮助农民选择合适的品种。推广 MGH 可以促进玉米生产，从而确保中国的粮食安全。 © 2023 化学工业协会。
