Kokić Zoran, Kon Predrag, Djurković-Djaković Olgica
Community Health Centre Voždovac, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia.
Belgrade City Institute of Public Health, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Feb 24;11(3):544. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11030544.
The course of the COVID-19 pandemic has been critically altered by the availability of vaccines. To assess the risk of COVID-19 in the vaccinated, as compared to the unvaccinated population, as well as the comparative effectiveness of the BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm), BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech), Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V) and ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca) vaccines in the prevention of clinical infection, we carried out a retrospective study of the incidence of clinical COVID-19 in the Belgrade city municipality of Voždovac among both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals during a 4-month period between 1 July and 31 October 2021. The study included all individuals with a symptomatic infection confirmed by a positive PCR and/or antigen test. Only those who received two vaccine doses were considered as vaccinated. The results showed that of the Voždovac population of 169,567, a total of 81,447 (48%) individuals were vaccinated by the end of the study. Vaccination coverage increased with age, ranging from 1.06% in those below age 18, to even 78.8% in those above 65 years of age. More than one half (57.5%) of all those vaccinated received BBIBP-CorV, while 25.2% received BNT162b2, 11.7% Gam-COVID-Vac and 5.6% ChAdOx1. The overall risk of infection of the vaccinated vs. the unvaccinated was 0.53 (95% CI 0.45-0.61). Compared to the incidence of COVID-19 of 8.05 per 1000 in the unvaccinated population, the relative risk in the vaccinated was 0.35 (95% CI 0.3-0.41). The overall VE was 65%, differing widely among age groups and by vaccine. VE was 79% for BNT162b2, 62% for BBIBP-CorV, 60% for ChAdOx1 and 54% for Gam-COVID-Vac. The VE for BBIBP-CorV and BNT162b2 increased with age. The obtained results demonstrate a significant overall effectiveness of anti-COVID-19 vaccination, which, however, varied significantly among the analyzed vaccines, and was the highest for BNT162b2.
新冠疫苗的出现极大地改变了新冠疫情的发展进程。为了评估接种疫苗者与未接种疫苗者相比感染新冠病毒的风险，以及BBIBP-CorV（国药集团）、BNT162b2（辉瑞/ BioNTech）、Gam-COVID-Vac（卫星五号）和ChAdOx1（阿斯利康）疫苗在预防临床感染方面的相对有效性，我们对2021年7月1日至10月31日这4个月期间贝尔格莱德市沃日多瓦茨区接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的个体中临床新冠病例的发生率进行了一项回顾性研究。该研究纳入了所有经PCR和/或抗原检测呈阳性确诊为有症状感染的个体。只有接种了两剂疫苗的个体才被视为已接种。结果显示，在沃日多瓦茨区的169,567名居民中，到研究结束时共有81,447人（48%）接种了疫苗。疫苗接种覆盖率随年龄增长而增加，从18岁以下人群的1.06%到65岁以上人群的78.8%不等。所有接种者中超过一半（57.5%）接种了BBIBP-CorV，而25.2%接种了BNT162b2，11.7%接种了Gam-COVID-Vac，5.6%接种了ChAdOx1。接种疫苗者与未接种疫苗者相比的总体感染风险为0.53（95%置信区间0.45 - 0.61）。与未接种疫苗人群中每1000人8.05例的新冠发病率相比，接种疫苗者的相对风险为0.35（95%置信区间0.3 - 0.41）。总体疫苗效力为65%，在不同年龄组和不同疫苗之间差异很大。BNT162b2的疫苗效力为79%，BBIBP-CorV为62%，ChAdOx1为60%，Gam-COVID-Vac为54%。BBIBP-CorV和BNT162b2的疫苗效力随年龄增长而增加。所获得的结果表明，抗新冠疫苗具有显著的总体有效性，然而，在所分析的疫苗之间差异很大，其中BNT162b2的有效性最高。
