Center for Health Technology Assessment, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Syreon Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary.
Front Immunol. 2022 Jul 22;13:919408. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.919408. eCollection 2022.
In late 2021, the pandemic wave was dominated by the Delta SARS-CoV-2 variant in Hungary. Booster vaccines were offered for the vulnerable population starting from August 2021.
The nationwide HUN-VE 3 study examined the effectiveness and durability of primary immunization and single booster vaccinations in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection, Covid-19 related hospitalization and mortality during the Delta wave, compared to an unvaccinated control population without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The study population included 8,087,988 individuals who were 18-100 years old at the beginning of the pandemic. During the Delta wave, after adjusting for age, sex, calendar day, and chronic diseases, vaccine effectiveness (VE) of primary vaccination against registered SARS-CoV-2 infection was between 11% to 77% and 18% to 79% 14-120 days after primary immunization in the 16-64 and 65-100 years age cohort respectively, while it decreased to close to zero in the younger age group and around 40% or somewhat less in the elderly after 6 months for almost all vaccine types. In the population aged 65-100 years, we found high, 88.1%-92.5% adjusted effectiveness against Covid-19 infection after the Pfizer-BioNTech, and 92.2%-95.6% after the Moderna booster dose, while Sinopharm and Janssen booster doses provided 26.5%-75.3% and 72.9%-100.0% adjusted VE, respectively. Adjusted VE against Covid-19 related hospitalization was high within 14-120 days for Pfizer-BioNTech: 76.6%, Moderna: 83.8%, Sputnik-V: 78.3%, AstraZeneca: 73.8%, while modest for Sinopharm: 45.7% and Janssen: 26.4%. The waning of protection against Covid-19 related hospitalization was modest and booster vaccination with mRNA vaccines or the Janssen vaccine increased adjusted VE up to almost 100%, while the Sinopharm booster dose proved to be less effective. VE against Covid-19 related death after primary immunization was high or moderate: for Pfizer-BioNTech: 81.5%, Moderna: 93.2%, Sputnik-V: 100.0%, AstraZeneca: 84.8%, Sinopharm: 58.6%, Janssen: 53.3%). VE against this outcome also showed a moderate decline over time, while booster vaccine types restored effectiveness up to almost 100%, except for the Sinopharm booster.
The HUN-VE 3 study demonstrated waning VE with all vaccine types for all examined outcomes during the Delta wave and confirmed the outstanding benefit of booster vaccination with the mRNA or Janssen vaccines, and this is the first study to provide clear and comparable effectiveness results for six different vaccine types after primary immunization against severe during the Delta pandemic wave.
2021 年末，德尔塔 SARS-CoV-2 变异株在匈牙利引发了疫情浪潮。自 2021 年 8 月起，为弱势群体提供了加强疫苗接种。
全国性的 HUN-VE 3 研究比较了在德尔塔波期间，初级免疫和单剂加强疫苗接种对预防 SARS-CoV-2 感染、与 COVID-19 相关的住院和死亡的效果和持久性，与未接种疫苗且没有 SARS-CoV-2 既往感染的对照组人群相比。
研究人群包括 8087988 名 18-100 岁的个体。在德尔塔波期间，调整年龄、性别、日历日和慢性病后，初级免疫接种对登记 SARS-CoV-2 感染的疫苗有效性（VE）在 16-64 岁和 65-100 岁年龄组中分别为 11%-77%和 18%-79%，在初级免疫后 14-120 天，而在年轻年龄组中接近为零，在 6 个月后，对于几乎所有疫苗类型，在老年组中下降到约 40%或略低。在 65-100 岁人群中，我们发现辉瑞-生物科技和 Moderna 的加强剂量对 COVID-19 感染具有高调整后的有效性，分别为 88.1%-92.5%和 92.2%-95.6%，而国药和杨森的加强剂量分别提供了 26.5%-75.3%和 72.9%-100.0%的调整 VE。在 14-120 天内，辉瑞-生物科技对 COVID-19 相关住院的调整 VE 较高：76.6%，Moderna：83.8%，Sputnik-V：78.3%，阿斯利康：73.8%，而国药的调整 VE 适中：45.7%，杨森：26.4%。COVID-19 相关住院的保护作用逐渐减弱，mRNA 疫苗或杨森疫苗的加强接种将调整后的 VE 提高到近 100%，而国药的加强接种效果较差。初级免疫接种对 COVID-19 相关死亡的 VE 较高或中度：辉瑞-生物科技：81.5%，Moderna：93.2%，Sputnik-V：100.0%，阿斯利康：84.8%，国药：58.6%，杨森：53.3%）。VE 也随时间呈现出中度下降，而加强疫苗类型将有效性恢复到近 100%，除了国药加强接种。
HUN-VE 3 研究表明，在德尔塔波期间，所有疫苗类型对所有研究结果的 VE 都在下降，并证实了 mRNA 或杨森疫苗加强接种的卓越益处，这是第一项在德尔塔大流行波期间提供初级免疫后对严重疾病的六种不同疫苗类型的明确和可比有效性结果的研究。
