Chandwani Jyotsna, Meena Preeti, Mathur Surbhi, Parihar Geeta
Department of Microbiology, JLN Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Nov;11(11):7378-7382. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1304_22. Epub 2022 Dec 16.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a global health problem which weakens the immune system and makes it vulnerable to secondary opportunistic infections such as urinary tract infections (UTIs). In case of impaired immunity, asymptomatic UTIs may progress into symptomatic infection or even to sepsis and death. The current study was performed to determine the occurrence of UTI among HIV positive patients and its co-relation with CD4 count.
Sociodemographic data along with CD4 cell count data of people living with HIV presented with signs and symptoms of UTIs were collected. Midstream urine samples were collected and sent to microbiology for culture and sensitivity testing.
Among the 101 participants, 79 had pathogen isolated from their urine specimens. was the most common isolate followed by CoNS, , , Yeasts, , and . were found highly sensitive to Meropenem, Ampicillin-Sulbactan, Ciprofloxacin, and Norfloxacin. Nitrofurantoin was recorded as most effective antibiotic against both gram-positive as well as gram-negative bacteria (except ). Among the 70 individuals having bacterial UTIs, 40 had CD4 cell count <200 cells/mm followed by CD4 cell count between 200 and 500 cells/mm in 22 individuals and only 08 person had CD4 cell count >500 cells/mm.
Low CD4 cell count acts as a risk factor for bacterial UTIs. becoming a common pathogen among people living with HIV which is intrinsically resistant to Nitrofurantoin, a broad spectrum antibiotic used commonly to treat UTIs.
获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）是一个全球性的健康问题，它会削弱免疫系统，使其易受继发性机会性感染，如尿路感染（UTIs）。在免疫力受损的情况下，无症状性尿路感染可能会发展为有症状感染，甚至发展为败血症和死亡。本研究旨在确定HIV阳性患者中尿路感染的发生率及其与CD4细胞计数的相关性。
收集了出现尿路感染症状和体征的HIV感染者的社会人口统计学数据以及CD4细胞计数数据。收集中段尿样本并送至微生物学实验室进行培养和药敏试验。
在101名参与者中，79人的尿液标本中分离出病原体。 是最常见的分离株，其次是凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、 、 、酵母菌、 、和 。 对美罗培南、氨苄西林-舒巴坦、环丙沙星和诺氟沙星高度敏感。呋喃妥因被记录为对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌（除 外）最有效的抗生素。在70例细菌性尿路感染患者中，40例CD4细胞计数<200个细胞/mm，其次是22例CD4细胞计数在200至500个细胞/mm之间，只有8人CD4细胞计数>500个细胞/mm。
低CD4细胞计数是细菌性尿路感染的危险因素。 在HIV感染者中成为常见病原体，其对常用于治疗尿路感染的广谱抗生素呋喃妥因具有内在耐药性。
