CDC Mpox Emergency Response Team.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023 Mar 31;72(13):342-347. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7213a4.
From May 2022 through the end of January 2023, approximately 30,000 cases of monkeypox (mpox) have been reported in the United States and >86,000 cases reported internationally.* JYNNEOS (Modified Vaccinia Ankara vaccine, Bavarian Nordic) is recommended for subcutaneous administration to persons at increased risk for mpox (1,2) and has been demonstrated to provide protection against infection (3-5). To increase the total number of vaccine doses available, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) on August 9, 2022, recommending administration of the vaccine intradermally (0.1 mL per dose) for persons aged ≥18 years who are recommended to receive it (6); intradermal administration can generate an equivalent immune response to that achieved through subcutaneous injection using approximately one fifth the subcutaneous dose (7). CDC analyzed JYNNEOS vaccine administration data submitted to CDC from jurisdictional immunization information systems (IIS) to assess the impact of the EUA and to estimate vaccination coverage among the population at risk for mpox. During May 22, 2022-January 31, 2023, a total of 1,189,651 JYNNEOS doses (734,510 first doses and 452,884 second doses) were administered. Through the week of August 20, 2022, the predominant route of administration was subcutaneous, after which intradermal administration became predominant, in accordance with FDA guidance. As of January 31, 2023, 1-dose and 2-dose (full vaccination) coverage among persons at risk for mpox is estimated to have reached 36.7% and 22.7%, respectively. Despite a steady decline in mpox cases from a 7-day daily average of more than 400 cases on August 1, 2022, to five cases on January 31, 2023, vaccination for persons at risk for mpox continues to be recommended (1). Targeted outreach and continued access to and availability of mpox vaccines to persons at risk are important to help prevent and minimize the impact of a resurgence of mpox.
从 2022 年 5 月到 2023 年 1 月底，美国报告了大约 30000 例猴痘（mpox）病例，国际上报告了超过 86000 例。* JYNNEOS（改良痘苗病毒安卡拉疫苗，巴伐利亚 Nordic）被推荐用于皮下接种给有感染猴痘风险的人（1,2），并已证明能提供针对感染的保护（3-5）。为了增加疫苗总剂量，食品和药物管理局（FDA）于 2022 年 8 月 9 日发布了紧急使用授权（EUA），推荐对年龄≥18 岁的建议接种者进行皮内接种（每剂 0.1 毫升）（6）；皮内接种可以产生与皮下注射相当的免疫反应，而所需的皮下剂量约为五分之一（7）。CDC 分析了从州免疫信息系统（IIS）向 CDC 提交的 JYNNEOS 疫苗接种数据，以评估 EUA 的影响，并估计有感染猴痘风险的人群中的疫苗接种覆盖率。在 2022 年 5 月 22 日至 2023 年 1 月 31 日期间，共接种了 1189651 剂 JYNNEOS（734510 剂首剂和 452884 剂二剂）。到 2022 年 8 月 20 日那一周，根据 FDA 的指导，主要的给药途径是皮下，之后皮内给药成为主要途径。截至 2023 年 1 月 31 日，估计有感染猴痘风险的人群中，1 剂和 2 剂（完全接种）的覆盖率分别达到 36.7%和 22.7%。尽管猴痘病例数从 2022 年 8 月 1 日的 7 天每日平均数超过 400 例稳步下降到 2023 年 1 月 31 日的 5 例，但仍建议对有感染猴痘风险的人进行疫苗接种（1）。对有感染猴痘风险的人进行有针对性的外联，继续提供和提供猴痘疫苗，对于预防和最大限度减少猴痘疫情的复发非常重要。
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