Ardila Andres, Rodriguez Manuel J, Pelletier Geneviève
Graduate School of Land Planning and Regional Development, Faculty of Planning, Architecture, Art and Design, Université Laval, CA, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
Department of Civil and Water Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Université Laval, CA, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Jul 1;337:117734. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117734. Epub 2023 Mar 28.
Drinking water may undergo spatiotemporal changes in quality as it leaves the treatment plant and enters the distribution system. This variability means that not all consumers receive water of the same quality. Monitoring water quality in distribution networks makes it possible to verify the compliance of current regulations and reduce consumption risks associated with water quality degradation. An inaccurate interpretation of the spatiotemporal variability of water quality affects the selection of monitoring locations and the sampling frequency, which may conceal problems with the water quality and increase consumers' risk. This paper presents a chronological and critical review of the literature on the evolution, benefits and limitations of methodologies for the optimization of water quality degradation monitoring in water distribution systems supplied by surface sources. This review compares the different methodologies and examines the types of approaches, optimization objectives, variables, and types of spatial and temporal analysis, as well as the main advantages and limitations. A cost-benefit analysis was conducted to assess applicability in different-sized municipalities (small, medium and large). Future research recommendations for optimal water quality monitoring in distribution networks are also provided.
饮用水在离开处理厂并进入配水系统时，其质量可能会发生时空变化。这种变异性意味着并非所有消费者都能获得质量相同的水。监测配水管网中的水质有助于核实当前法规的合规情况，并降低与水质恶化相关的消费风险。对水质时空变异性的不准确解读会影响监测地点的选择和采样频率，这可能掩盖水质问题并增加消费者风险。本文对有关地表水供应的配水系统中水质恶化监测优化方法的演变、益处和局限性的文献进行了按时间顺序的批判性综述。本综述比较了不同方法，并研究了方法类型、优化目标、变量以及时空分析类型，以及主要优点和局限性。进行了成本效益分析，以评估在不同规模城市（小（型）、中（型）和大（型））的适用性。还提供了关于配水管网中最佳水质监测的未来研究建议。
