Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Imam Khomeini Square, Rafsanjan 771897111, Iran.
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Imam Khomeini Square, Rafsanjan 771897111, Iran.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Jun 1;239:124192. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124192. Epub 2023 Mar 29.
Long-term and indiscriminate use of synthetic pesticides to mitigate plant pathogens have created serious issues of water health, soil contamination, non-target organisms, resistant species, and unpredictable environmental and human health hazards. These constraints have forced scientists to develop alternative plant disease management strategies to reduce synthetic chemical' dependency. During the last 20 years, biological agents and resistance elicitors have been the most important used alternatives. Silica-based materials/chitosan with a dual mode of action have been proposed as promising alternatives to prevent plant diseases through direct and indirect mechanisms. Moreover, the combined application of nano-silica and chitosan, due to their controllable morphology, high loading capacity, low toxicity, and efficient encapsulation, act as suitable carriers for biological agents, pesticides, and essential oils, making them proper candidates for mitigation of phytopathogens. Based on this potential, this literature study reviewed the silica and chitosan properties and their function in the plant. It also assessed their role in the fighting against soil and aerial phytopathogens, directly and indirectly, as novel hybrid formulations in future managing platforms.
长期和滥用合成农药来减轻植物病原体已经造成了严重的水健康问题、土壤污染、非目标生物、抗性物种以及不可预测的环境和人类健康危害。这些限制迫使科学家开发替代植物病害管理策略，以减少对合成化学品的依赖。在过去的 20 年中，生物制剂和抗性诱导剂已成为最重要的替代物。基于硅的材料/壳聚糖具有双重作用模式，已被提议作为通过直接和间接机制预防植物病害的有前途的替代品。此外，纳米硅和壳聚糖的联合应用由于其可控的形态、高负载能力、低毒性和高效封装，可用作生物制剂、农药和精油的合适载体，使它们成为缓解植物病原体的合适候选物。基于这种潜力，本文献研究综述了硅和壳聚糖的性质及其在植物中的功能。它还评估了它们在直接和间接对抗土壤和空气植物病原体方面的作用，作为未来管理平台中的新型混合配方。
