Institute of Biology, Department of Zoology, Pedagogical University, Kraków, Poland.
Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze / Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2023 Mar 31;30(1):22-30. doi: 10.26444/aaem/161552. Epub 2023 Mar 7.
Progressive climate change plays a major role in the expansion of tick populations, as well as the transmission of tick-borne disease pathogens (TBPs) to humans and animals throughout the world. Zoonoses are a growing environmental problem of great importance for public health. In Poland, domestic dogs and cats are mainly infested by and Dermacentor reticulatus ticks from the Ixodidae family. Other tick species, such as I. apronophorus and Haemaphysalis concinna, recorded sporadically on domestic dogs or cats, may expand their range in the future and successfully infest pets. Individual cases of infestations in Poland with foreign tick species, such as Rhipicephalus sanguineus, are known and may soon be recorded more frequently.
The aim of this review is to summarize the occurrence and identification of tick species and TBDs that are present or are likely to spread in Poland, which, given the medical and veterinary importance of ticks, may help in the development of public health strategies.
A comprehensive literature review of publications and own research and data analysis was performed, obtained from reports and scientific descriptions on the epidemiology of tick-borne diseases.
The ecology of ticks and hosts in urban and suburban environments is critical for quantifying the parameters necessary for an initial risk assessment, and identifying public health strategies to control and prevent TBDs. In the future, these species may expand their range of occurrence and their host, becoming common members of the Polish tick fauna.
Anaplasma, Babesia, Borrelia and Rickettsia spp. are the major TBPs in Poland, and their prevalence is usually higher in dogs than cats.
气候变化的加剧在全世界范围内导致了蜱虫数量的增加，并促使蜱传病原体（TBP）向人类和动物传播。人畜共患病是一个日益严重的环境问题，对公共卫生具有重要意义。在波兰，家养的狗和猫主要受到来自硬蜱科的 和 蜱的侵袭。其他蜱种，如 和 ，虽然在波兰也有零星记录，但未来可能会扩大其分布范围，并成功侵袭宠物。已知波兰也存在一些外来蜱种的感染病例，如 ，而且未来可能会更频繁地记录到这些病例。
本综述旨在总结在波兰存在或可能传播的蜱种和 TBP 的发生和鉴定情况，鉴于蜱虫在医学和兽医学方面的重要性，这有助于制定公共卫生策略。
对有关蜱传疾病流行病学的出版物和自身研究进行了全面的文献综述，并进行了数据分析。
城市和郊区环境中蜱虫和宿主的生态学对于量化初始风险评估所需的参数以及确定控制和预防 TBP 的公共卫生策略至关重要。未来，这些物种可能会扩大其发生范围和宿主范围，成为波兰蜱类动物群的常见成员。
在波兰，主要的 TBP 包括 、 、 和 ，其在狗中的流行率通常高于猫。
