Shi Linlin, Zhang Ping, Xu Jun, Wu Xiaohu, Pan Xinglu, He Lin, Dong Fengshou, Zheng Yongquan
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2023 Jun 15;452:131300. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131300. Epub 2023 Mar 25.
Cyflumetofen was widely applied in agriculture with its excellent acaricidal effect. However, the impact of cyflumetofen on the soil non-target organism earthworm (Eisenia fetida) is unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the bioaccumulation of cyflumetofen in soil-earthworm systems and the ecotoxicity of earthworms. The highest concentration of cyflumetofen enriched by earthworms was found on the 7th day. Long-term exposure of earthworms to the cyflumetofen (10 mg/kg) could suppress protein content and increases Malondialdehyde content leading to severe peroxidation. Transcriptome sequencing analysis demonstrated that catalase and superoxide-dismutase activities were significantly activated while genes involved in related signaling pathways were significantly upregulated. In terms of detoxification metabolic pathways, high concentrations of cyflumetofen stimulated the number of Differentially-Expressed-Genes involved in the detoxification pathway of the metabolism of glutathione. Identification of three detoxification genes (LOC100376457, LOC114329378, and JGIBGZA-33J12) had synergistic detoxification. Additionally, cyflumetofen promoted disease-related signaling pathways leading to higher disease risk, affecting the transmembrane capacity and cell membrane composition, ultimately causing cytotoxicity. Superoxide-Dismutase in oxidative stress enzyme activity contributed more to detoxification. Carboxylesterase and glutathione-S-transferase activation play a major detoxification role in high-concentration treatment. Altogether, these results contribute to a better understanding of toxicity and defense mechanisms involved in long-term cyflumetofen exposure in earthworms.
乙螨唑因其出色的杀螨效果而在农业中广泛应用。然而，乙螨唑对土壤非靶标生物蚯蚓（赤子爱胜蚓）的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在阐明乙螨唑在土壤 - 蚯蚓系统中的生物累积以及蚯蚓的生态毒性。蚯蚓富集乙螨唑的最高浓度出现在第7天。蚯蚓长期暴露于乙螨唑（10毫克/千克）会抑制蛋白质含量并增加丙二醛含量，导致严重的过氧化作用。转录组测序分析表明，过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性显著激活，同时参与相关信号通路的基因显著上调。在解毒代谢途径方面，高浓度的乙螨唑刺激了参与谷胱甘肽代谢解毒途径的差异表达基因数量。鉴定出的三个解毒基因（LOC100376457、LOC114329378和JGIBGZA - 33J12）具有协同解毒作用。此外，乙螨唑促进了疾病相关信号通路，导致更高的疾病风险，影响跨膜能力和细胞膜组成，最终导致细胞毒性。氧化应激酶活性中的超氧化物歧化酶对解毒贡献更大。羧酸酯酶和谷胱甘肽 - S - 转移酶的激活在高浓度处理中起主要解毒作用。总之，这些结果有助于更好地理解蚯蚓长期暴露于乙螨唑所涉及的毒性和防御机制。
