Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708PB, The Netherlands.
Laboratory of Socioecology and Social Evolution, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2023 May 22;378(1877):20220051. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0051. Epub 2023 Apr 3.
What causes evolution to be repeatable is a fundamental question in evolutionary biology. Pleiotropy, i.e. the effect of an allele on multiple traits, is thought to enhance repeatability by constraining the number of available beneficial mutations. Additionally, pleiotropy may promote repeatability by allowing large fitness benefits of single mutations via adaptive combinations of phenotypic effects. Yet, this latter evolutionary potential may be reaped solely by specific types of mutations able to realize optimal combinations of phenotypic effects while avoiding the costs of pleiotropy. Here, we address the interaction of gene pleiotropy and mutation type on evolutionary repeatability in a meta-analysis of experimental evolution studies with . We hypothesize that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are principally able to yield large fitness benefits by targeting highly pleiotropic genes, whereas indels and structural variants (SVs) provide smaller benefits and are restricted to genes with lower pleiotropy. By using gene connectivity as proxy for pleiotropy, we show that non-disruptive SNPs in highly pleiotropic genes yield the largest fitness benefits, since they contribute more to parallel evolution, especially in large populations, than inactivating SNPs, indels and SVs. Our findings underscore the importance of considering genetic architecture together with mutation type for understanding evolutionary repeatability. This article is part of the theme issue 'Interdisciplinary approaches to predicting evolutionary biology'.
是什么导致进化具有可重复性是进化生物学中的一个基本问题。多效性，即一个等位基因对多个性状的影响，被认为通过限制有利突变的数量来增强可重复性。此外，多效性可能通过允许单个突变通过表型效应的适应性组合产生较大的适应度收益来促进可重复性。然而，这种后者的进化潜力可能仅被能够实现表型效应最佳组合同时避免多效性成本的特定类型的突变所利用。在这里，我们通过对 进行的实验进化研究的荟萃分析，研究了基因多效性和突变类型对进化可重复性的相互作用。我们假设单核苷酸多态性（SNP）主要能够通过靶向高度多效性基因来产生较大的适应度收益，而插入缺失和结构变体（SV）提供较小的收益并且仅限于多效性较低的基因。通过使用基因连通性作为多效性的代理，我们表明高度多效性基因中的非破坏性 SNP 产生最大的适应度收益，因为它们比失活 SNP、插入缺失和 SV 更有助于平行进化，特别是在大种群中。我们的研究结果强调了在理解进化可重复性时，考虑遗传结构与突变类型的重要性。本文是“预测进化生物学的跨学科方法”主题特刊的一部分。
