College of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines University of Science and Technology Beijing, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory for Engineering Control of Dust Hazard, National Health Commission of People's Republic of China, Beijing 100083, China.
College of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines University of Science and Technology Beijing, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory for Engineering Control of Dust Hazard, National Health Commission of People's Republic of China, Beijing 100083, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jun 20;878:163252. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163252. Epub 2023 Mar 31.
It is essential to explore the distribution characteristics of dust concentration distribution near the surface of soil pavement in open-pit mines to develop effective dust control measures. Therefore, in this study, the dust resuspension process of soil pavement was analyzed by building the dust resuspension experimental system of open-pit mine, and the change rules of dust concentration under different factors were investigated. The results showed that under the action of wheel rolling, the dust moved around the wheel along the vertical direction, and the diffusion trajectory in the horizontal direction was approximately parabolic. After re-suspension of the open-pit mine soil pavement, the area of high dust concentration behind the wheel is roughly triangular. The relationship between the average dust concentration (Total dust, Respirable dust and PM2.5) and the vehicle speed and weight were fit to a power function, while the relationship with silt content and water content were quadratic. Vehicle speed and water content had significant effect on the total dust, respirable dust (RESP) and PM2.5 average concentration, while vehicle weight and silt content had little effect on the respirable dust and PM2.5 average concentration. When the water content of mine soil pavement reached 3 %, the average dust concentration could be reduced to <10 mg/m, and the vehicle speed should be reduced as much as possible under the mine production permitting conditions.
为了制定有效的抑尘措施，探究露天矿表土路面近地表处粉尘浓度分布的特征十分必要。因此，本研究通过构建露天矿扬尘再起实验系统，分析了土路面扬尘再起过程，考察了不同因素下粉尘浓度的变化规律。结果表明，在车轮滚动作用下，粉尘沿垂直方向围绕车轮移动，水平方向的扩散轨迹近似为抛物线形。露天矿表土路面再起尘后，车轮后方高浓度粉尘区域大致呈三角形。平均粉尘浓度（总粉尘、呼吸性粉尘和 PM2.5）与车速和重量之间的关系拟合为幂函数，而与含沙量和含水量之间的关系为二次函数。车速和含水量对总粉尘、呼吸性粉尘（RESP）和 PM2.5 平均浓度有显著影响，而车辆重量和含沙量对呼吸性粉尘和 PM2.5 平均浓度影响较小。当露天矿表土路面含水量达到 3%时，平均粉尘浓度可降至<10mg/m3，在满足矿山生产条件下，应尽量降低车速。
