Wei Dingyi, Du Cuifeng, Lin Yifan, Chang Baomeng, Wang Yuan
School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road 30, Beijing 100083, China.
State Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines of Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Xueyuan Road 30, Beijing 100083, China.
ACS Omega. 2020 Jun 23;5(26):16030-16036. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01460. eCollection 2020 Jul 7.
To investigate the dust source of the most polluted equipment in the open-pit mine, this paper studied the temporal-spatial distribution laws of dust migration in the vehicle transportation pavements in the open-pit mine via theoretical analysis and a field test. The results show that the dust concentration of the same horizontal distance from the pavement centerline remains roughly stable, which proves that the dust above the pavements is a continuous line source. In the horizontal direction, the maximum dust and baseline concentration reached heights of 1-3 and 20 m away from the wheels, respectively, while they are obtained at heights of 0.5 and 2.2 m away from the pavement in the vertical distance, respectively. The spatial concentration distribution of the dust clearly proves that the dust movement mode is a jumping mode. It takes 6 and 30 s after the vehicle had passed to achieve the maximum dust and baseline concentration, respectively. The dust concentration of a fully loaded vehicle is 2-3 times greater than that of a no-load vehicle. Meanwhile, the dust concentration of a sprinkling pavement is as 10% as that of an un-sprinkling pavement. The results of the migration of transportation dust and temporal-spatial distribution provide useful references for the analysis of dust source intension and pollutant diffusion in open-pit mines. Furthermore, the efficient and low-cost moisturized dust suppressant would be the future direction to develop in different mining areas.
为探究露天矿场中污染最严重设备的粉尘来源，本文通过理论分析和现场试验，研究了露天矿场车辆运输路面粉尘迁移的时空分布规律。结果表明，距路面中心线相同水平距离处的粉尘浓度大致保持稳定，这证明路面上方的粉尘是连续线源。在水平方向上，最大粉尘浓度和基线浓度分别在距车轮1 - 3米和20米的高度处达到，而在垂直方向上，它们分别在距路面0.5米和2.2米的高度处获得。粉尘的空间浓度分布清楚地证明了粉尘的运动模式为跳跃模式。车辆通过后分别需要6秒和30秒达到最大粉尘浓度和基线浓度。满载车辆的粉尘浓度比空载车辆高2 - 3倍。同时，洒水路面的粉尘浓度是未洒水路面的10%。运输粉尘迁移及时空分布的结果为分析露天矿场粉尘源强度和污染物扩散提供了有用的参考。此外，高效低成本的湿润型抑尘剂将是不同矿区未来的发展方向。
