Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.
Sci Rep. 2023 Apr 1;13(1):5361. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-32226-y.
Mass mortality and low growth highly decrease the production efficiency and sustainable aquaculture development of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in summer. Sea urchin feces was proposed to address the summer problems. A laboratory study was conducted for ~ 5 weeks to investigate survival, food consumption, growth and resistance ability of A. japonicus cultured with the feces of sea urchins fed kelp (KF feces, group KF), the feces of sea urchins fed prepared feed (FF feces, group FF), and the prepared sea cucumber feed (group S) at high temperature (25 °C). The sea cucumbers of group KF had better survival (100%) than those of the group FF (~ 84%), higher CT (35.9 °C) than those of the group S (34.5 °C), and the lowest skin ulceration proportion (0%) when they were exposed to an infectious solution among the three groups. These results suggest that the feces of sea urchins fed kelp is a promising diet for improving the survival and enhancing the resistance in A. japonicus aquaculture in summer. Sea cucumbers fed significantly less FF feces after 24 h of ageing than the fresh FF feces, suggesting this kind of feces became unsuitable for A. japonicus in a short time (within 48 h). However, the 24 h of ageing at 25 °C for the high fiber feces of sea urchins fed kelp had no significant effects on the fecal consumption of sea cucumbers. In the present study, both fecal diets provide better individual growth to sea cucumbers than the prepared feed. Yet, the feces of sea urchins fed kelp provided the highest weight gain rate (WGR) to sea cucumbers. Therefore, the feces of sea urchins fed kelp is a promising food to reduce the mortality, to address the problems of summer, and to achieve higher efficiency in A. japonicus aquaculture in summer.
大规模死亡和低生长极大地降低了海参在夏季的生产效率和可持续水产养殖发展。海胆粪便被提议用于解决夏季问题。进行了一项为期约 5 周的实验室研究，以调查在高温（25°C）下用海带喂养的海胆粪便（KF 粪便组，KF 组）、用配制饲料喂养的海胆粪便（FF 粪便组，FF 组）和配制海参饲料（S 组）饲养的海参的存活率、食物消耗、生长和抗逆能力。KF 组的海参存活率（100%）明显高于 FF 组（~84%），临界温度（CT）（35.9°C）明显高于 S 组（34.5°C），在三组中，暴露于传染性溶液时皮肤溃疡比例最低（0%）。这些结果表明，用海带喂养的海胆粪便是提高夏季海参成活率和增强其抗逆性的一种很有前途的饲料。与新鲜的 FF 粪便相比，FF 粪便在老化 24 小时后，海参摄食的 FF 粪便明显减少，这表明这种粪便在短时间内（48 小时内）变得不适合海参。然而，在 25°C 下老化 24 小时对用海带喂养的海胆高纤维粪便的粪便消耗没有显著影响。在本研究中，两种粪便饲料都为海参提供了比配制饲料更好的个体生长。然而，用海带喂养的海胆粪便为海参提供了最高的增重率（WGR）。因此，用海带喂养的海胆粪便是一种很有前途的食物，可以降低死亡率，解决夏季问题，提高夏季海参养殖的效率。
