Esrafili Taze Kand Mohammaddiyeh Maryam, Rafat Seyed Abbas, Shodja Jalil, Javanmard Arash, Esfandyari Hadi
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Norwegian Beef Cattle Organizations, TYR, Hamar, Norway.
Front Genet. 2023 Mar 17;14:1083106. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1083106. eCollection 2023.
Genomic selection (GS) plays an essential role in livestock genetic improvement programs. In dairy cattle, the method is already a recognized tool to estimate the breeding values of young animals and reduce generation intervals. Due to the different breeding structures of beef cattle, the implementation of GS is still a challenge and has been adopted to a much lesser extent than dairy cattle. This study aimed to evaluate genotyping strategies in terms of prediction accuracy as the first step in the implementation of GS in beef while some restrictions were assumed for the availability of phenotypic and genomic information. For this purpose, a multi-breed population of beef cattle was simulated by imitating the practical system of beef cattle genetic evaluation. Four genotyping scenarios were compared to traditional pedigree-based evaluation. Results showed an improvement in prediction accuracy, albeit a limited number of animals being genotyped (i.e., 3% of total animals in genetic evaluation). The comparison of genotyping scenarios revealed that selective genotyping should be on animals from both ancestral and younger generations. In addition, as genetic evaluation in practice covers traits that are expressed in either sex, it is recommended that genotyping covers animals from both sexes.
基因组选择（GS）在牲畜遗传改良计划中起着至关重要的作用。在奶牛中，该方法已成为估计幼畜育种值和缩短世代间隔的公认工具。由于肉牛的育种结构不同，GS的实施仍然是一项挑战，其采用程度远低于奶牛。本研究旨在评估基因分型策略的预测准确性，这是在肉牛中实施GS的第一步，同时假设表型和基因组信息的可用性存在一些限制。为此，通过模拟肉牛遗传评估的实际系统，对一个多品种肉牛群体进行了模拟。将四种基因分型方案与传统的基于系谱的评估进行了比较。结果表明，尽管进行基因分型的动物数量有限（即遗传评估中动物总数的3%），但预测准确性有所提高。基因分型方案的比较表明，选择性基因分型应针对祖先世代和较年轻世代的动物。此外，由于实际的遗传评估涵盖了在两性中都有表现的性状，建议基因分型涵盖两性动物。
