Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, FISEX, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; Gerontology Program, Faculty of Medical Sciences, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, FISEX, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; Metabolism, Nutrition and Exercise Laboratory, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
Exp Gerontol. 2018 Oct 1;111:188-196. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.07.021. Epub 2018 Jul 30.
Low-grade inflammation is associated with several deleterious health outcomes and may aggravate sarcopenia and dynapenia during aging. A strategy to alleviate these conditions is resistance training (RT). Thus, the aim was to critically examine the effects of regular RT on inflammatory markers of older adults from previous studies.
The search was conducted on MEDLINE, July 2017. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing RT effects on C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and/or interleukin-6 (IL-6) of adults over 50 years-of-age were selected by two independent reviewers.
The main meta-analyses showed RT reduced CRP in older adults (standard mean difference [SMD] = -0.61, 95%CI = -0.83; -0.31, p < 0.001), tended to reduce IL-6 (SMD = -0.19, 95%CI = -0.42; 0.02, p = 0.07) and did not change TNF-α. Further exploratory sub-group analyses showed a potential association of muscle mass for both CRP and TNF-α changes. Reductions in CRP and TNF-α only occurred in RCTs performing a higher number of exercises (>8), higher weekly frequency (3 times/week) and longer durations than 12 weeks.
Anti-inflammatory effects of RT were significant only for CRP with a tendency for a decrease in IL-6 as well. The exploratory analyses suggested the reduction in inflammatory markers could be dependent on increases in muscle mass and higher volume of RT protocols. These potential mediators of RT anti-inflammatory effects should be addressed in future meta-analyses to clarify the effects of RT on inflammatory markers of older adults with very specific conditions and larger numbers of studies.
低度炎症与多种有害健康的后果有关，并且可能在衰老过程中加剧肌肉减少症和动力不足。一种减轻这些情况的策略是阻力训练（RT）。因此，本研究旨在批判性地检查先前研究中常规 RT 对老年人炎症标志物的影响。
本研究于 2017 年 7 月在 MEDLINE 上进行了检索。仅选择了两项独立的综述人员通过测试 RT 对 50 岁以上成年人 C 反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和/或白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。
主要的荟萃分析表明，RT 降低了老年人的 CRP（标准均数差 [SMD] = -0.61，95%CI = -0.83；-0.31，p < 0.001），倾向于降低 IL-6（SMD = -0.19，95%CI = -0.42；0.02，p = 0.07），而不改变 TNF-α。进一步的探索性亚组分析表明，肌肉量与 CRP 和 TNF-α的变化之间存在潜在的关联。仅在进行了更多锻炼（>8 次）、更高的每周频率（3 次/周）和持续时间超过 12 周的 RCT 中，CRP 和 TNF-α才出现降低。
RT 的抗炎作用仅在 CRP 方面具有统计学意义，IL-6 也有降低的趋势。探索性分析表明，炎症标志物的减少可能依赖于肌肉量的增加和 RT 方案的更高容量。这些 RT 抗炎作用的潜在介导因素应在未来的荟萃分析中得到解决，以阐明 RT 对具有特定条件和更多研究的老年人炎症标志物的影响。
